of the Northern Forest 45 



so persistently in some places that many planters have 

 abandoned its use. Caucasus and Crimea. 



The Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana}. A graceful, 

 hardy tree on the hills and mountains of N.E. America, 

 giving somewhat of the effect of the Eastern Cypress in 

 Italy, and in our islands a good sheltering tree, thriving 

 in the poorest of soils and rocky places. 



The Hemlock Spruce (Tsuga canadensis). A tree some- 

 times over 100 feet high with a diameter of 4 feet in 

 the trunk, inhabiting cold northern regions from Nova 

 Scotia to Minnesota. This tree has been much planted 

 in England, but it has not attained the stature and form 

 that it shows in Canada. But it should not be left out in 

 any varied planting of evergreen forest trees, choosing 

 for it cool soils or river banks. 



The Western Hemlock Spruce (T. Mertensiana). A 

 noble tree of graceful habit, a larger tree than the 

 Canadian Hemlock Spruce sometimes 200 feet high, 

 with a trunk diameter of 10 to 12 feet. A native of 

 Puget Sound, British Columbia to Alaska, and coming 

 from such fog-moistened regions hardy in our island 

 climate. The foliage, as graceful as a Fern, is of a lus- 

 trous green, and silvery white beneath. It is a tree 

 precious for our country. 



The Yellow Pine (Pinus ponderosa). A noble tree 

 covering a vast area in its own land, where it thrives 

 under a variety of conditions and in many soils. Fully 

 grown trees attain a height of nearly 250 feet, with 

 stems upwards of 6 feet in diameter. In this country it 

 has not been much planted except as a pleasure-ground 

 object, though it grows well in most parts of Britain, is 

 hardy, and of rapid growth. It thrives in free and gritty 

 soils, and is at home in poor Surrey sands where few of 



