8o Native and European trees 



woods. The Yew should never be forgotten in wood- 

 land, where its shelter for game is welcome. It is too 

 much planted near houses, to the danger of animals and 

 to the loss of all good flower gardening, owing to its 

 roots. The Holly, usually in gardens a shrub, is on the 

 hills and in land that it likes a tree 40 feet high, and 

 therefore never to be omitted in seeking evergreen 

 effect. 



Trees for beauty. Trees of secondary value as timber 

 are often of great value for their beauty, and should 

 never be forgotten by planters with that hope. Thus 

 Crab, Hawthorn, Aspen, White Beam, Wild Cherry, 

 Bird Cherry (often a fine tree, as at Longleat), Mountain 

 Ash, Wild Pear (the Pear in good deep soil, as in 

 Worcestershire, is a forest tree, and a very fine one), 

 and the Wild Service Tree with its finely coloured foli- 

 age in autumn, though rarely planted and only here and 

 there seen so well as at Blackdown. The Crab is as 

 handsome as any flowering tree ; the Alder gives us 

 -good colour by the streams in spring. The Mountain 

 Ash, or Rowan, is really deserving the epithet splendid 

 when it is grouped on the hills, or almost anywhere 

 else ; but it is beloved by the rabbit, and many I have 

 planted in the hope of adding its fine colour in autumn 

 to old woodland have been all gnawed round and 

 destroyed. On rocky ground it is lovely, where it takes 

 various dwarf forms. The White Beam is an effective 

 tree at various seasons and well deserves to be made 

 more of, as also its varieties or hybrids (like Prunus lati- 

 folia). Some of the trees we admire individually are not 

 so often seen grouped, though there is nothing more 

 beautiful than a free group of Aspens on a limestone 

 soil in autumn. Birch, too, which we often see in the 



