THE TECHNICS OF GARDENING. 143 



our nurseries. Every gardener can graft and bud. 

 Or why should not scarlet oak and scarlet acer be 

 grafted on common species of these genera along 

 the margins of woods and plantations ? 



In planting, the gardener has regard for character 

 of foliage and tints, the nature of the soil, the un- 

 dulations of ground and grouping, the amount of 

 exposure. Small plantations of trees surrounded by 

 a fence are the best expedients to form groups, says 

 Repton, because trees planted singly seldom grow 

 well. Good trees should not be encumbered by 

 peddling bushes, but be treated as specimens, each 

 having its separate mound. The mounds can be 

 formed out of the hollowed pathways in the curves 

 made between the groups. The dotting of trees 

 over the ground or of specimen shrubs on a lawn 

 is destructive of all breadth of effect. This is not 

 to follow Nature, nor Art, for Art demands that 

 each feature shall have relation to other features, 

 and all to the general effect. 



In planting trees the variety of height in their 

 outline must be considered as much as the variety 

 of their outline on plan ; the prominent parts made 

 high, the intervening bays kept low,* and this both 

 in connection with the lie of the ground and the 

 plant selected. Uniform curves, such as parts of 

 circles or ovals, are not approved ; better effects are 

 obtained by forming long bays or recesses with 



* "One deep recess, one bold prominence, has more effect than 

 twenty little irregularities." " Every variety in the outline of a wood 

 must be a prominence or a recess" (Repton, p. 182). 



