GARDEN FLOWERS. 239 



shrubby species, nearly all hardy, easily cultivated, and pos- 

 sessing considerable general resemblance ; so that, in a lim- 

 ited garden, but a few of the kinds are required. The per- 

 ennials, L. polyphyllus and grandifolius, throw up long pyra- 

 midal closely set spikes of flowers, from two to four feet in 

 height, according to the strength of the plant. The Lupines 

 will all grow freely in good garden soil, which they very much 

 impoverish. The annuals should be sown in March and 

 April where they are to flower. The perennials are increased 

 by parting the roots, but much more freely by seeds, which 

 ripen abundantly, and may be sown in June ; in which case 

 the strongest of the plants will blossom the following year. 

 The half-hardy sub-shrubby species are also best raised from 

 seeds, and require to be wintered in a dry protected frame, 

 and planted out about May. L. mutabilis, and its variety 

 Cruikshanksii) form beautiful objects if raised in August, win- 

 tered singly in small pots in a frame or airy greenhouse 

 shelf, shifted about March, and kept in a cold frame till the 

 end of May, and then planted out in good soil in the flower- 

 garden. All the biennials may be treated as annuals. 



L. arboreus (tree) ; half-hardy shrub ; 8 feet ; flowers yellow, 

 in July ; California; 1793. L. argenteus (silver}') ; hardy peren- 

 nial ; 3 feet; flowers white, in June ; North America; 1826. L. 

 arvensis (field); half-hardy biennial; 1 8 inches ; flowers lilac, 

 purple, and white, in July ; Peru; 1842. L. Barkeri (Barker's) ; 

 half-hardy annual or biennial ; 3 feet ; flowers blue and piuk, 

 in July; Mexico; 1839. L. grandifolius (large-leaved); hardy 

 perennial ; 4 feet ; flowers purple, in May ; North America ; 

 1834. L. Hartivegii (Hartweg's) ; hardy annual; 2 feet; flow- 

 ers blue, in June; Mexico; 1838. L. hirsutus (hairy); hardy 

 annual ; 2 feet ; flowers blue, in July ; south of Europe ; 1629. 

 L. insignis (remarkable) ; a fine hybrid, with bright-rosy pink and 

 yellow flowers; 1857. L. luteus (yellow); hardy annual; 2 

 feet ; flowers yellow, in June ; south of Europe ; 1 596. L. mu- 

 tabilis (changeable) ; half-hardy shrub ; 5 feet ; flowers white, 



