"^T'ANTHIUM. Small Burdock. [Composite.] A genus 

 -* of weedy plants of easy culture. The flowers are in- 

 conspicuous, but the foliage may be effective in masses. 

 The species are X. strumarium, Orientate, spinosum, and echi- 

 natum. Easily propagated by seeds. 



XANTHORHIZA. Yellow-root. [Ranunculaceag.] A hardy 

 shrub, increasing rapidly by suckers. Soil, sandy loam, 

 rather moist. The dark-purple flowers are very pretty in 

 early spring, and the foliage is delicate and pretty. 



X. apiifolia (parsley-leaved) ; hardy shrub ; 3 feet ; flowers 

 purple, in May; North America; 1766. 



XANTHOXYLUM. [Xanthoxylacese.] A hardy tree, grow- 

 ing in any garden soil, and very easily propagated by seeds 

 or root-cuttings. 



X. fraxineum (ash-like) ; hardy tree ; 1 5 feet ; flowers white, 

 in April; North America; 1759. 



There are other species, mostly tender. 



XERANTHEMUM. [Composite.] Hardy annuals of the 

 composite kind, now almost expelled from gardens by 

 the gayer annuals from California and elsewhere. They 

 must not be confounded with the showy yellow and white 

 Everlasting flowers (as they are called), which have been, 

 and indeed now are, sometimes named Xeranthemum. 

 They are among the most easily cultivated of annuals, re- 

 quiring only to be sown about May in the open border, and 



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