50 FOREST RESOURCES; PRINCIPAL TREES AND REGIONS 



of which is found in mixture with other hardwood species along the 

 stream bottoms of the Southeastern region. It is also found in all 

 the other eastern sections. In 1930, 257 million b.f. were produced, 

 mostly from West Virginia, Tennessee, and Alabama, in order of im- 

 portance. This is the largest hardwood tree now found in our Amer- 

 ican forests. It produces a high-quality lumber and a large percent- 

 age of upper grades. Other species such as magnolia and cucumber 

 are cut and sold as yellow poplar. 



Cottonwood and Aspen. There are 4,447,000,000 b.f. of these spe- 

 cies, including southern cottonwood, swamp cottonwood, aspen or 

 popple, balsam poplar, and black cottonwood of the West. Of all 

 these species, a large proportion is found in Minnesota where 61 mil- 

 lion b.f. were produced in 1930, and in Mississippi where 29 million 

 b.f. were produced that year. 



Among the hardwoods produced east of the Great Plains which 

 are relatively unimportant as compared with the above in quantity 

 are ash, basswood, chestnut, elm, magnolia, black walnut, hickory, 

 sycamore, butternut, black cherry, locust, hackberry, willow, and sev- 

 eral others. 



6. PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS OF THE FOREST; GROWTH AND 



DEPLETION 



According to a report * prepared by the Forest Service, the current 

 annual growth of usable material on commercial forest areas of the 

 country amounted to 8,912,000,000 cubic feet of saw timber and cord- 

 wood growth. More than half of the saw-timber growth and also of 

 the total forest growth is in the South, which has more than half of 

 its forest area or about 100,000,000 acres in saw timber and cordwood. 



Much of the forests of the West, particularly on the Pacific Coast, 

 is composed of over-mature timber which is making little or no net 

 growth. 



The total timber cut, including lumber, fuelwood, and other forms 

 of forest products, amounted to 14,495,308,000 cubic feet, thus exceed- 

 ing the current annual growth as approximately 14 to 8. However, 

 the estimate of the Forest Service as applied to timber cut was based 

 upon an average for the five years 1925 to 1929, inclusive, which more 

 nearly represents a maximum of wood consumption than an average 

 over a long period of years. For example, the average production of 

 lumber shown by the Forest Service for these five years was 38 billion 



*From "A National Plan for American Forestry," Senate Document 12, 

 Washington, D. C., 1933. 



