ORGANIZATION OF THE FOREST SERVICE 



197 



been established at Manistee and Manistique, Michigan, Alexandria,* 

 Louisiana and Wind River in southern Washington, and the Savenac 

 nursery in western Montana. There are two million acres of forest 

 land in need of planting in the National Forests and it is estimated 

 that the nurseries will soon be producing from 100 million to 150 

 million trees or more annually. In order of importance most of the 

 planting recently has been done in Michi- 

 gan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Idaho, and 

 Washington. 



Range and Grazing. The improvement 

 and conservation of the range are among 

 the most important activities, especially in 

 some National Forests which are devoted 

 to the maintenance of favorable grazing 

 conditions rather than to timber produc- 

 tion, recreational facilities, or other work. 

 Recently, grazing permits on National For- 

 ests were granted annually for over 1,300,- 

 000 cattle, 6,000,000 sheep, 32,000 horses, 

 and 11,000 goats. Most of the sheep were 

 grazed in Idaho, Colorado, Utah, Oregon, 

 and Montana, in order of importance. 



Range improvements during a recent 

 year included the building of 615 miles of 

 fencing, 34 corrals, 79 driveways, 5 bridges, 

 516 water developments, and several other 

 activities. The maintenance of these and 

 many more improvements already installed 

 requires the services of a large number of 

 experienced men. 



Recreation and Game. The National 



Forests offer excellent facilities for outdoor recreation because of their 

 spaciousness, wide distribution over many parts of the country, scenic 

 beauty, favorable climatic conditions, and the opportunities to study 

 tree growth and other botanical specimens. Fishing and hunting, 

 streams and lakes for boating, and many other natural attractions are 

 provided. Over 35,000,000 people enjoyed the recreational facilities 

 of our National Forests in one year. 



* In the Kisatchie National Forest, the Stuart Nursery of 50 acres has an 

 annual capacity of 50 million one-year seedlings, largely longleaf and slash pines. 

 Nine-months stock is used for field planting. 



FIG. 104. General view of 

 splash dam used in the 

 Roosevelt National Forest 

 in northern Colorado to 

 transport lodgepole pine 

 cross ties from the woods to 

 the timber treating plant at 

 Laramie, Wyoming. 



