THE TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY 253 



forestation, chiefly for erosion control, are such pioneer species as 

 black locust, shortleaf and Virginia pines, and red cedar. The 

 "climax" species such as yellow poplar, various oaks, Asiatic chestnut, 

 and black walnut are either seed spotted or else planted in mixture 

 with the pioneer species so that a mixed stand will be the final result. 



A very interesting phase of work in the Forestry Division is the 

 development of tree crops. This includes the growing, development, 

 and establishment of all the best-known varieties of nut trees and 

 other crop trees, such as honey locust, persimmon, Asiatic chestnuts, 

 and pawpaw. The entire southern part of this country and even for- 

 eign sources are being searched for the best available species. The 

 tree crop nursery of the Division of Forestry not only seeks to grow 

 trees from seeds and nuts, but also to specialize in grafting and bud- 

 ding species and in breeding trees of all kinds which will be suitable 

 for tree crops. These trees will provide food for wild life, cattle, hogs, 

 sheep, and men. Two large forest tree nurseries are engaged in plant- 

 ing stock for general reforestation purposes. Species grafted and 

 budded for superior varieties are black walnuts, wild black cherry, 

 filberts, pecans, hickories, persimmons, blight-resistant Asiatic chest- 

 nuts, pawpaw, and similar crop trees. They are being planted con- 

 currently with the soil erosion and reforestation projects. A particu- 

 larly interesting development is the breeding of plants for food for 

 birds and other forms of wild life. 



The Division of Forestry conducts an educational program both 

 in the Civilian Conservation Corps camps and at the town of Norris, 

 and in other centers about the Norris Lake. The project includes the 

 giving of lectures, presentations of exhibits, and showing of motion 

 pictures and lantern slides and even the teaching of the principles 

 of grazing and elementary forestry. Plans are under way for the 

 development of woodsmen training courses for men who will work on 

 a part-time basis on lands owned or controlled by the Authority. 



The need for both intensive and extensive forest land classification 

 and forest planning is recognized in order to put into effect the above 

 activities. Studies have been continued on land classification in four 

 degrees of intensity in the Valley. First is the study on a very exten- 

 sive scale of the forest and erosion conditions of the entire 28,000,000 

 acres included within the Valley. Automobiles, airplanes, aerial 

 photographs, and field reconnaissance have enabled the officials to com- 

 plete a large amount of this work. A study of second-degree intensity 

 is that of land classification, forest needs, and erosion conditions in the 

 Clinch-Powell River watershed extending above the Norris Dam into 

 Virginia, an area of approximately 1,856,000 acres. This study in- 



