APPENDIX 285 



its provision "to conserve forest resources and bring about the sustained produc- 

 tion thereof." 



The National Industrial Recovery Act was adopted in 1933, and the Forest 

 Industries Code was approved by President Roosevelt on August 19, 1933. 

 Article X of this Code provided for the conservation and sustained production 

 of forest resources on the forest operations of all persons under the jurisdiction 

 of the lumber code. Potentially, this affected 250 million acres of land owned by 

 the lumber, industrial, and timber holding companies, and the 125 million acres 

 of farm timberland which are commercially utilized. The lumber code was one 

 of the first to be accepted and put into effect under this act. 



The importance of putting privately owned forest properties under a system- 

 atic plan of forest management is at once recognized, when it is realized that 

 practically four-fifths of our total forest area is owned by private corporations 

 and individuals, including farmers. Although an elemental and extensive form 

 of forestry has been extended to our federal forests and parks and to a small 

 area of State Forests and Parks, and a measure of fire protection has been 

 effective upon private forests, relatively little forest management has been prac- 

 ticed on our private forest properties. 



The Code of Fair Competition for the lumber and timber products industries 

 stated that it was the declared purpose of those industries and of the adherents 

 to the code to accomplish the following: 



1. To reduce and alleviate unemployment in these industries. 



2. To improve the standards of labor therein. 



3. To maintain a reasonable balance between the production and consumption 



of lumber and timber products. 



4. To restore the prices thereof to levels which would avoid the further deple- 



tion and destruction of capital assets. 



5. To conserve forest resources and bring about the sustained yield thereof. 

 There were twenty-one main provisions of the lumber code designed to carry 



out these declared purposes. 



The lumber industry, through its properly delegated representatives and in 

 cooperation with federal and state agencies concerned, established fundamental 

 principles which served as a basis for conservation measures to be required on 

 all privately owned logging operations. The Lumber Code Authority on Feb- 

 ruary 9, 1934, adopted the following objectives for minimum standards for all 

 forest regions as follows: 



1. Protection of standing timber and young trees from fire and other de- 



structive forces. 



2. Prevention of damage to young trees during and immediately following 



logging operation. 



3. Provision for replanting cleared land after logging, if sufficient advanced 



growth was not already present. 



4. To leave, where feasible, some portion of the virgin timber as basis for 



growth of the next timber crop. 



5. Partial cutting or selective logging to be the general standard of forest 



practice. 



The original rules of woods practice, governing cutting operations for saw 

 logs, became effective June 1, 1934. Compliance with the provisions of improved 



