50 PROBLEMS IN WILD LIFE CONSERVATION 



In the first place, a large part of the fish spawn are des- 

 tined for the deep-sea fisheries which are within the federal 

 sphere. In the fiscal year 1932, for example, 78 per cent of 

 the output of the federal hatcheries were marine or deep-sea 

 species. 60 Of the remainder a good part are placed in inter- 

 state waters where they may benefit a number of states. 

 That field, although not so exclusively a federal one, certainly 

 should not be closed to federal activities. 



This leaves only the inland fish propagation work. This 

 at first glance is entirely a state sphere, yet a good part of 

 the inland fish raised in federal hatcheries are used to stock 

 national property located inland, such as national parks, 

 national forests, Indian reservations, and impounded waters 

 on reclamation projects. 



Research in wild-life problems is carried on by most of 

 the divisions in both the Biological Survey and the Bureau 

 of Fisheries. The results of this research is made available 

 to state agencies. It is common, too, for the states to re- 

 quest the loan of trained personnel from the federal gov- 

 ernment to solve particularly difficult problems facing them. 



In the matter of research, much is to be said in favor of 

 a broad federal program. Scientific research demands career 

 experts because results are generally obtained only with a 

 high degree of specialization. The average state wild life 

 department cannot afford to maintain a large staff of scien- 

 tists whose work may only be of occasional practical value 

 to that particular state. 



The Sphere of the Federal Government in Wild-Life 

 Conservation: At first glance it would seem that the whole 

 problem of the proper division of power between the Fed- 

 eral government and the states in the field of conservation 



60 Report of the Commissioner, Bureau of Fisheries, p. 533 (1932). 



