WEEDS IN THE MEADOW. 



219 



Eriyeron annuum, Pers., E. bellidifolium, 

 Muhl., E. Pliiladelpliivum, ~L. } E. strigosum, 

 Muhl., are other species of similar habit to fig- 

 ure 105, and are quite unsightly and common 

 in thin meadows. 



Rudbeckia liirta, L. (Cone-flower.) This 

 hairy weed has a purple cone surrounded with 

 yellow ray-flowers. It is becoming more com- 

 mon, and has made its way from the West to 

 the New England States. 



FIG. 105. K\ 

 Canadense, L. ( 

 bane.) lx30.-(Su 

 worth.) 



FIG. 106. FIG. 107. FIG. 108. 



FIG. 106. Achi ttcca MilUfollum, L. An achene, two views. 1 x 10. (Sud worth.) 

 FIG. Ifft.Leucaiithemum vulgare, Lam. (Ox-eye.) Achene enlarged. (Scribner.) 

 FIG. 108. Cnicus arven&is, (Canada thistle);^m achene, also a cross section of the 

 same. 1 xlO. (Sudworth.) 



Leucanthemum vulgare, Lam. (Ox-eye, White Daisy.) This is 

 one of the worst perennial weeds or weeds of any kind which 

 infests the meadows and pastures of this country. The seeds 

 are sown with grass seed. 



Cnicus arvensis, Hoffm. (Canada Thistle). This is often con- 

 sidered the arch fiend of weeds, and is too well known in many 

 localities. The heads are small and the scales of the involucre 

 scarcely prickly pointed. It is a perennial rooting very deeply. 

 Its course westward is likely to be checked by the fact that it has 

 usually failed to produce seeds on the prairies. It is often dioa- 

 cious. Some account of this pest is given in connection with the 

 chapter on clover. 



