GRASSES FOR WINTER PASTURES AT THE SOUTH. 239 



for summer. In the whole range of southern agriculture there 

 is no crop on which manure pays as well as on winter pastures. 



"On the whole, the drawbacks to successful grass culture at 

 the South are as few and as easily removed as in any portion of 

 Christendom. Sound political economy requires that the South 

 should raise its own horses, mules, sheep, cattle, and hogs, and 

 produce its own wool, butter, cheese, and hay. Grass culture is 

 the basis of this independence." 



In other portions of this work will be found quotations from 

 Mr. Howard in reference to lucerne, sainfoin, field pea, vetch, 

 red clover, alsike clover, white clover, millet, gamma grass, crab 

 grass, brome grass, Bermuda grass, meadow oat-grass, orchard 

 grass, Italian rye-grass, blue grass, Timothy, red top. 



Mr. Howard believes, and rightly, too, that none of the native 

 Texas grasses are equal, either for hay or pasturage, to some of 

 the artificial grasses now in cultivation. 



Grasses for Winter Pasture at the South. The late C. 

 W. Howard, of Georgia, recommends meadow oat-grass, blue 

 grass, wild rye (species doubtful), orchard grass, red and white 

 clover. 



Dr. D. L. Phares, of Mississippi says : " The list depends on 

 whether the pasture is for one season or for permanent pasture, 

 as well as on location, soil, drainage, etc. For a single winter, 

 sow wild brome grass (Bromus unioloides). Several other plants 

 furnish good winter pasture, but none are so valuable as bar- 

 ley, though I have tried wheat, oats and rye. It does not lie on 

 the ground like rye, but stands up." 



For further remarks concerning grasses which are suited to 

 pastures and meadows, consult what is said in regard to each of 

 the several species usually cultivated. 



