344 TRIFOLIUM MEDIUM. MAMMOTH CLOVER. 



"The clover root borer, Cecidomyia trifolii, plays terrible 

 havoc with the clover the second year. Much has been written 

 on this subject, yet few appear to realize that their failures, after 

 the clover has been well established, come from the injury done 

 by the root borer. If this beetle remains, the four- years' course 

 must come into general practice." 



HoYen. This is a term applied to cattle which have become 

 sick and bloated after eating too heartily of clover which was 

 fresh and wet. At such times, till the cattle have become used 

 to the feed so as not to be greedy, they should be turned off the 

 clover after eating for an hour or so at a time. 



TRIFOLIUM MEDIUM, L. MAMMOTH, GIANT, PEA-VINE CLOVER, 

 OR COW GRASS (OF ENGLAND). 



The following description of the typical form, as it appears in 

 England, is mainly from Hooker's Flora : 



Plant slightly hairy, leaflets oblong, obtuse, or acute ; stipules 

 herbaceous, free portion spreading, heads subglobose, terminal, 

 often shortly peduncled, subtended by opposite leaves, calyx- 

 teeth setaceous, spreading in fruit, lowest a little longest. June to 

 September, perennial. Stems straggling, flexuous, often zigzag. 

 Leaflets 1-2 in., rather rigid, almost quite entire, ciliate. Heads 

 1-1 in. diam. Flowers in.> rose-purple. Calyx-throat with a 

 ring of hairs, tube 10-ncrved, glabrous, teeth reaching half way 

 up the petals. Pod often dehiscent longitudinally. Distributed 

 in Europe, Siberia, Western Asia ; introduced in North America. 



This clover is Trifolium medium, and so named a long time 

 ago by Linnaeus. The common name might with propriety, be 

 "medium red clover." I mention this fact because farmers 

 have lately got in the notion of calling the early red clover " me- 

 dium " clover. 



Mammoth clover is quite similar in appearance to the early red 

 clover, but it flowers later, with Timothy, is very often a peren- 



