136 THE GREEN RISING 



southern farmers. Improvement in transportation 

 facilities had the effect of lowering the prices of 

 commodities, while land values increased with the 

 growth in population. The feeling was strong in 

 the West that the development of industrial centers 

 would give increased marketing facilities for the 

 raw products of the farms and ranches. 



The era of prosperity that the country experienced 

 after the War of 1812 was followed by the panic of 

 1819. This depression resulted in demands for fur- 

 ther tariff legislation and the Tariff Bill of 1820 was 

 proposed. This bill provided for an increase in the 

 tariff rates on cotton and woolen textiles, iron, and 

 hemp. It finally passed the House but failed in 

 the Senate by one vote. The sectional attitude on 

 this bill is indicated in the following quotation from 

 John Spencer Bassett: "In the former body (House) 

 it received all the votes from the Northwest, and 

 all but one from the Middle states. All but five of 

 the votes from the older South were against it and 

 all but four of those from the Southwest, including 

 Kentucky. The parts of New England which repre- 

 sented the older commercial and farming interests 

 were against it, while those which favored the manu- 

 facturers were for it. Thus, the agricultural South 

 and Southwest and the commercial and agricultural 

 parts of the Northeast were opposed to protection, 

 and the manufacturing and agricultural Middle 

 states and the Northwest were for it." 2 The tariff 



* A Short History of the United States, Chap. XVIII, p. 385. 



