Amphibia Caudata. 



65 



and Protopelobates in that of Bohemia. The extinct family of Table-case, 

 Palceobatrachidce has teeth in the upper jaw and no ribs ; it was No> 23 * 

 widely distributed over the continent of Europe in Miocene Batrachia; 

 times, and was represented by a single genus Palceobatrachus, Toads', 

 and more than a dozen species from various localities. 



The true toads, Bufonidce, have no teeth or dorsal ribs. 

 Existing species of the genus Bufo occur in the European and 

 Indian Pliocene deposits. B. Gesneri from the Upper Miocene 

 of Switzerland agrees closely with the living B. viridis. Dr. 

 Filhol records the type-genus from the Upper Eocene Phos- 

 phorites of France. 



The huge Ceratophrys cornutus, or Horned Frog of Brazil, 

 occurs in the Cave deposits of that country; and the genus 

 Latonia in the Miocene of Switzerland. 



The Hanidoe, or true frogs, have teeth in the upper jaw and 

 the extremities of the sacral ribs are not expanded. Species of 

 Sana are found in the Norfolk Forest Bed, in the Pleistocene 

 of Sardinia, the Miocene of Sansan ; two are from the Brown 

 Coal of Bott, near Bonn, others from the Upper Eocene Phos- 

 phorites of Caylux, France ; several forms occur in the Middle 

 Tertiary of Italy, &c. 



Order II. CAUDATA. (Salamanders, &c.) 



In this order the body of the animal resembles that of a Wall-case, 

 Lizard, or is still more elongated like that of an Eel ; in some No< u * 

 there are four limbs present, in others only the anterior pair are 



FIG, 85. The great Fossil Salamander Megalobatrachus (Cryptobranchus) Scheuchzeri 

 (Holl), from the Upper Miocene, GEningen, Switzerland. 



developed. The external gills of the larva are occasionally Salaman- 

 retained in the adult animal. Hylceobatrachus is found in the ders ' 

 Wealden of Belgium and may be an ancestral form allied to the 

 Proteidce but distinguished by the presence of a maxilla and of 

 five digits to the feet. (The only specimen known is in the 

 Brussels Museum.) 



In the family of Amphiumidce is placed Meqalobatrachus 

 (1876) 6 



