KEY TO FAMILIES. 



55 



Family 16. Paridce. NUTHATCHES and TITMICE (Fig. 57). 

 Subfamily SittincE. NUTHATCHES. 



Bill rather long and slender, the end of the lower mandible 



slightly upward; wings long and 



pointed, the third or fourth primary 



the longest, the first very small, not 



an inch in length ; tail short and 



square, the outer feathers blotched 



with white, p. 386. 

 Subfamily Parince. TITMICE. 



Length 4-50-6-50 ; bill short, stout, and 



rounded, less than half an inch in 



length ; fourth or fifth primary longest, 



first very short, not more than one 



third as long; tail rather long, dull 



ashy gray without white blotches, 



p. 389. 



slanting 



FIG. 57. 



Family 17. Sylviida. KINGLETS and 



GNATCATCHEKS (Fig. 58). 

 Length 3-50-5-00 ; bill slender, re- 

 sembling that of some Warblers, but 

 the first primary is very short, only 

 about one third as long as the longest, 

 p. 391. 



Family 18. Turdidce. 

 THRUSHES, BLUEBIRDS, 

 etc. (Fig. 59). 



Length over 5-50 ; bill mod- 

 erate, the tip of the upper 

 mandible notched ; tarsus 

 smooth, the scales, if any, 

 fused and indistinct; tail 

 square : wings long and 

 pointed, 3'75 or over, third 

 primary the longest, the 

 first very short, less than 

 one inch in length, p. 394. 



FIG. 59. 



