60 AUKS, Mt'RKKS. AND PUFFINS. 



breeding in North America from New Brunswick and Manitoba northward, 

 and migrating irregularly southward as far as South Carolina, 



Washington, rare W. V. Long Island, common T. V., rare W. V., Oct. to 

 May. Sing Sing, casual T. V. Cambridge, one instance, Oct 



jY<M<, a slight depression in the ground within a few feet of the water. 

 Egg*, two, grayish olive-brown, sometime.-* tinned with greeti and spotted 

 with blackish, 2-80 x 1'75. 



This is a more northern species than Urinator imber, which it doubt- 

 less closely resembles in habits. 



FAMILY A i.rn >.K. AUKS, MURRES, AND PUFFINS. 



This family contains alxmt thirty species, confined entirely to the 

 northern parts of the northern hemisphere. Ne.-irly all of these are 

 found in North America, most of them, however, on only our I'wilie, 

 coast. Without exception they are maritime binK p.-is-iii.u' the greater 

 part of their lives on the open sea. They nc>t in colonies, sometimes 

 in enormous numbers, generally upon rocky, precipitous shores. Their 

 progress on land is slow and awkward ; but they arc, as a rule, strong 

 fliers, and accomplished .-wimmers mid divers. L'nlike the (frebes and 

 Loons they use their wings in diving. Their food consists of fish, 

 crustacea, and other forms of sea life. 



KEY TO THE BPECIE8. 



I. Bill under -75 ................. 34. DOVEKIE. 



II. Bill over '75. 



1. Depth of bill at nostril over -00. 



a. Bill yellowish, depth at nostril over 1-00. 



I-".. Pl'KKIN. 13<I. LAROK-nil.I.F.I) PfFFIN. 



b. Bill black, depth at nostril under 1-00 . . 3:i. HAZOU-IUI.I.KH Ai K. 



2. Depth of bill at nostril under -60. 



A. Wing-coverts white or tipped with white. 



a. Greater wimr-covcrts entirely white . 28. MANHT'S Grn.i.F.MnT. 



b. Banal half of greater wing-coverts Mack. 127. BLACK (it II.I.EMOT. 

 JB. No white on wing-coverts. 



a. Bill over 1-60 .............. 30. Mi I:HK. 



b. Bill under 1-60 ... * ..... 31. BRCNNK -11'.- -Mi HKK. 



13. Fratercula,arctica<'/./nn.). PI-FFIN; REAPAr.RoTOeeFig. 6,c). 

 Ad. Upper parts, winu'-. tail, and foreneck blackish, browner on the head 

 and foreneck; nape with a narrow grayish collar; sides of the head nnd throat 

 white, sometime* washed with grayish; breast and belly white. (Breeding 

 birds have the bill larger and brighter, and a horny spine over the eye. 1 .., 

 13-00; W., 6-10; Tar., 1-05; B., 1-S5; depth of B. at base (in winter), l'. r .'\ 



Range. "Coasts and islands of the North Atlantic, breeding on the North 

 American coast from the Hay of Fundy northward" (A. O. U.). Migrates 

 southward in winter, rarely to Long Island. 



