200 THE UMBELLATE FAMILY. [Caucalit. 



In hedges, on roadsides, and waste places, common throughout Europe 

 and central and Russian Asia, except the extreme north. Abundant all 

 over Britain. PL summer and autumn. 



8. C. arvensis, Huds. (fig. 449). Spreading C. Very near (7. 

 Anthriscui, but usually a rather smaller and more spreading plant ; the 

 general involucre is either entirely wanting or reduced to a single bract, 

 often lanceolate, and the bristles of the fruit are usually less curved, but 

 with a minute hook at the top ; this character is not, however, so constant 

 as that of the involucre. C. infcsta, Curt. 



In cultivated and waste places, on banks and in roadsides, in central 

 and southern Europe to the Caucasus, not extending into Scandinavia. 

 In England, chiefly amongst corn, in the midland and eastern counties 

 and in Wales. It is said to be abundant in several local Floras, but C. 

 Anthriscut is often mistaken for it. PL summer and autumn. 



4. C. daucoides, Linn. (fig. 450). Small C. Erect or spreading, 

 and much branched, seldom above a foot high. Leaves twice or three 

 times pinnate, with rather narrow, but short, pinnatifid segments, the 

 general outline of the leaf being broadly triangular. Umbels terminal or 

 opposed to the leaf, on rather long peduncles, usually of 3 or 4 rays only. 

 General involucre of one bract, partial ones of a few linear bracts. Flowers 

 white or pink, the outer petals occasionally larger. Fruits nearly sessile, 

 attaining, when ripe, nearly half an inch, covered with long, stout 

 prickles. There are usually in each partial umbel a few barren flowers 

 on longer pedicels. 



A cornfield weed of southern origin, now widely spread over Europe 

 and Russian Asia. Apparently well established in some of the eastern 

 and southern counties of England, and the Channel Islands. PL. with 

 the corn. 



5. C. latifolia, Linn. (fig. 451). Broad C. Stem seldom a foot 

 high, erect or spreading, and branched at the base. Leaves much less 

 divided than in the other species, being simply pinnate, with oblong- 

 lanceolate segments, the lowest above an inch long, and pinnatifld, the 

 others gradually diminishing to the top, and less deeply cut. Umbels 

 terminal or opposite the leaves, on stout peduncles, consisting of 2 or 

 more rays. Involucres, both general and partial, of broad, thin bracts. 

 Flowers white or purple, the outer petals large. Fruit 4 or 5 lines long, 

 the primary and secondary ribs equally prominent, with long, straight, 

 or hooked prickles. 



In fields and waste places, in southern Europe and west-central Asia, 

 often establishing itself for a time in more northern localities. Occasion- 

 ally found as a cornfield weed in several of the more southern counties 

 of England. PL with the corn. 



XXXII. DAUCUS. CARROT. 



Leaves dissected. Umbels compound, with general and partial invo- 

 lucres of several linear, pinnatifid or divided bracts. Fruit ovoid, prickly 

 on the ribs, the 4 secondary ribs more prominent than the 3 primary 

 dorsal ones. Albumen not furrowed. 



A genus of very few real species, although many are published ; 

 they are widely spread over most cultivated or maritime parts of be 

 globe. 



