Jatione.] XLIV. OAMPANULACEA 273 



1. J. montana, Linn. (fig. 614). Sheep's-bit. Root annual or 

 biennial, bearing in the latter case tufts of radical leaves which live 

 through the winter. Stems sometimes short and decumbent or ascend- 

 ing, sometimes nearly erect, a foot high, with a few spreading branches. 

 Leaves linear or lanceolate, waved on the edges, and more or less hairy. 

 Flower-heads, in the British variety, about half an inch diameter, on 

 long terminal peduncles ; the involucral bracts broadly ovate, the 

 flowers or florets small, of a rather pale blue, on short pedicels. 



In heathy pastures, on banks, &c., throughout Europe, except the 

 extreme north, and eastward to the Caucasus. Extends almost all over 

 England and Ireland, but not north of mid Scotland. Fl. summer. On 

 the Continent the size of the flowers and habit of the plant are very 

 variable. 



III. PHYTEUMA. RAMPION. 



Flowers (in the British species) in compact terminal heads or spikes. 

 Corolla when in bud cylindrical and curved, opening more or less into 5 

 long-linear segments. Anthers free and distinct. Styles cleft at the 

 top into 2 or 3 stigmatic lobes. Capsules crowned by the spreading 

 teeth of the calyx, and bursting at the sides. 



A small genus, spread over Europe and western Asia, but chiefly in 

 the great cent* il mountain-chains, ascending to great elevations. It 

 is readily know-n by the long, curved flower-buds. 



Flower heads p jbular I. P. orbicvlare. 



Flower-heads along, becoming at length cylindrical . . . 2. P tpicatum. 



1. P. 0> oiculare, Linn. (fig. 615.). Round-headed R. Rootstock 

 thick or aortly creeping, with simple, erect or slightly decumbent 

 stems, 6 vO 18 inches high. The early radical leaves are ovate and 

 cor<lat., on long stalks, the subsequent ones and lower stem-leaves 

 stalk*- J, but narrow-oblong or lanceolate ; the upper ones few, narrow, 

 am? sessile. Flowers of a deep blue, in a globular terminal head of 

 nearly an inch in diameter, surrounded by a few short, broadly lanceo- 

 Ir.te bracts. 



In pastures, throughout central and southern Europe, but not extend- 

 ing into Scandinavia, In Britain, only on the chalk downs of southern 

 England, from Kent to Wilts. PL summer. 



2. P. spicatum, Linn. (fig. 616). Spiked R. A taller and stouter 

 plant than the last, with longer and broader leaves, the lower ones 2 

 to 4 inches long and an inch or more in breadth, on stalks of 3 or 4 

 inches ; the upper ones few, smaller and narrower. The flowers form 

 at first an ovoid head, which soon becomes a dense spike 2 inches or 

 more in length. The corollas of a very pale dull blue or yellowish- 

 white. 



In hilly pastures and woods, widely spread over central, and 

 especially south-central Europe, extending northwards into Norway. In 

 Britain, only about Waldron, in eastern Sussex (native ?). FL. tummer. 



