536 



THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. 



The stomach may be normal in size or small or dilated. Its inner 

 surface is usually covered with tenacious mucus. The mucous mem- 



~ 



^i^a&sSbas 



,;. ;',*r/ p. -., 



FIG. 308. ACUTE CATARRHAL GASTRITIS. 



Showing the open ends of two gastric tubules. There is a considerable formation of mucus by the 

 epithelial cells, many of which have the so-called " beaker " form. There is exfoliation of epithelium which, 

 with mucus and a few leucocytes and red blood cells, covers the surface of the mucous membrane. 



brane may be congested with minute hemorrhages or erosions or it may 

 be pale and gray or pigmented from former hemorrhages. It may be 



FIG. 309. CHRONIC GASTRITIS. 



Showing a small portion of the new-formed tissue between the gastric tubules. There are many large 

 polyhedral cells in the new tissue. 



thickened or thinner than normal. Often, owing to irregular thickening, 

 it projects in places in the form of minute granules, or it is irregular- 

 ly roughened etat mamelonneor there may be distinct polypoid out- 

 growths. These alterations are usually most marked in the pyloric re- 



