CAMPANITLARIAD.E : CAMPANULAEIA. 113 



7. 0. DUMOSA, erect or climbing, irregularly branched, hir- 

 sute with the cells, which are long, tubular, patent, almost 

 sessile, the aperture entire. Pallas. 



PLATE XXVII. FIG. 25. 



Corallina astaci corniculorum asmuli, Petiv. Plant. Ital. pi. 2, fig. 10. Sertularia 

 volubilis, & Pall. Blench. 123. Sertularia duraosa, Fleming in Edin. Phil. Journ. 

 ii. 83. Tubularia tubifera, Johnston in Edin. Phil. Journ. xiii. 222, pi. 3, fig. 2, 

 3. Lafea cornuta, Lamour. Soland. Zooph. 5, pi. 65, fig. 12-14. Campanularia 

 dumosa, Flem. Brit. Anim. 543. Johnston in Trans. Newc. Soc. ii. 254, pi. 11, 

 fig. 1 . Couch Corn. Faun. iii. 42. Reid in Ann. and Mag. N. Hist. xvi. 393. 

 Cornularia dumosa, Couch Zooph. Cornw. 39. 



Hab. On rocks, shell-fish, and other corallines, in deep water. 



There are two varieties of this species : The first is from two to 

 four inches in height, bushy, irregularly branched, the branches 

 straight, square, slightly tapered upwards, and formed of several 

 parallel tubes : The second is a single thread-like tube which 

 climbs up the stalks of other flexible corallines, giving off on all 

 sides its long spreading trumpet-shaped cells, which are not unlike 

 those of C. syringa, but are to be distinguished by their thicker 

 and much more horny texture, and by being almost or altogether 

 sessile. Small specimens of the first variety are very common on 

 some sorts of crabs, but the larger specimens have their roots or 

 base almost invariably immersed in the substance of a sponge, the 

 Halichondria panicea or papillaris. The polypes are of a sulphur- 

 yellow colour. They may often be seen at the bottom of the cells, 

 contracted into a small shapeless mass ; the cell remaining unaltered 

 and as open as in a dried state. The little tenant is very shy of 

 extruding itself, and will remain for days in its contracted condi- 

 tion. When about to develope, the body is gradually lengthened, 

 becoming at the same time narrower, so as to leave a vacant space 

 between it and the walls of the cell j and after a variable interval, 

 the tentacula are as carefully extruded, and slowly spread out to their 

 full expanse. These are from eight to twelve in number, supported 

 on a sort of neck, and, like the tentacula of other Hydroida, are fili- 

 form, roughish, and rather short. When alarmed, the animal re- 

 treats quickly,* contracting itself in every dimension, and reducing 

 the tentacula to almost undistinguishable knobs. It is a true mem- 



* " It is the most active polype of its tribe I ever saw, starting up and down in 

 its cell like one of the Ascidioids." E. Forbes. Professor Reid says that, on the con- 

 trary, the polypes " were sluggish." 



I 



