CELLEPORID.E : LEPRALIA. 323 



32. L. CILIATA, cells ovato-globose, frosted, the aperture 

 subcircular, marginated, armed with from three to seven long 

 unequal spines, the upper side transverse and plain, with a knob 

 or mucro behind it. 



PLATE LVII. FIG. 4, 5. 



Eschara ciliata, var. /3. Pall. Elench. 38. Cellepora ciliata, Lin. Syst. 1286. Fair. 



Faun. Greenland. 434, no. 441. Berenicea utriculata, Flem. Brit. Anim. 533. 



Lepralia ciliata, Johns. Brit. Zooph. 279. pi. 34. fig. 6. Couch Corn. Faun. iii. 



118. pi. 22. fig. 10. W. Thompson in Ann. N. Hist. v. 253. J. Macgillivray in 



Ann. and Mag. N. Hist. ix. 467. 

 Var. j8. with a long spine projecting from the side of the cell. Lepralia insignis, 



Hassall in Ann. and Mag. N. Hist. vii. 368. pi. ix. fig. 5. Couch Corn. Faun. pi. 



22. fig. 11. J. MacgUUvray in Ann. and Mag. N. Hist. ix. 467. 



Hob. Parasitical on sea-weeds, " specimen in Fucis mans 

 Anglici observavi," Pallets ; and frequent also on rocks and shells. 



Crust forming small circular patches closely adherent to their 

 foreign base and of a white or greyish-white colour, composed of 

 small utricular cells arranged in regular semialternating series, and 

 so distinctly separated that they "appear as unconnected though 

 adjacent." Cells horizontal, ovato-globose, bulged posteriorly, nar- 

 rowed forwards, the walls frosted and silvery, the aperture roundish 

 or semicircular, armed with five or seven stout cylindrical spines 

 of which the three that jut from the lower lip are very long, while 

 those on the sides do not usually exceed the diameter of the cell. 

 The upper lip is always unarmed, and behind it there is a prominent 

 knob or mucro, often perforated on the top. The ovarian capsules 

 are large and globose, opaque pearly-white, and slightly frosted. In 

 many specimens there is a triangular loop or hole which protrudes 

 from between the cells. 



The description which Pallas has given of it leaves no doubt, in 

 my mind, that this is the species he had in view when describing 

 his var. /3 : " Crustce albse ; substania cellularum tenuissima, sub- 

 pellucida, lapidescens. Cellulce extus Iseves, convexse, ore dentibus 

 subulatis circiter sex ciliato, sed inferiori labio semper inermi. In 

 hujus crustis passim ssepe generatas vidi vesiculas arcuatas, cellu- 

 larum orificiis imminentes, quas pro ovariis ut habeam multa suadent. 

 Hanc eandem Escharam etiam in Coralliis Americanis passim ob- 

 servavi." 



The Lep. insignis of Hassall is distinguished by a spine, similar 

 to those of the aperture, projecting from the side of the cell low 

 down and near its confluence with the one adjacent. The spine is 



Y2 



