SYNONYMY AND NOMENCLATURE. 15 



Odobcenua, MALMGRE^ Ofvers. K. Vet. Akad. Fork. 1863, (1864), 130. 

 Rosmarus, KLEIN, Quad. Disp. Brev. Hist. Nat., 1751, 40, 92 (applied in a gen- 

 eric sense exclusively to the Walrus). "ScOPOLi, Introd. Hist. 



Nat., 1777, ."GiLL ("ex Scopoli"), Proc. Essex Inst., v, 1866, 7. 

 Phoca, LINNS', Syst. Nat., i, 1758 (in part only). 

 Trichechus, LINNE, Syst. Nat., 1768, 49 (in part only; not of Linne", 1758, nor 



Artedi, 1738 ; based exclusively in both cases on Sirenians). 

 Trichechus (in part only), ERXLEBEN, SCHREBER, GMELIN, BLUMENBACH, 



RETZIUS, and other early writers. 

 Trichechus, G. FISCHER, Nat. Mus. Naturgesch. zu Paris, 1803, 344. ILLI- 



GER, Syst. Mam. et Av., 1811, 139. Also of GRAY, and most writers 



of the present century. 

 Odobcnotherium, GRATIOLET, Bull. Soc. Ge"ol. de France, 2 e se"r., xv, 1858, 



624 ( = " Trichechus rosmarus" auct. founded on a supposed fossil). 

 Vdontoboenm, SUNDEVALL, Ofvers. K. Vet. Akad. Forh., 1859, 441. 

 f Trichechodon, LANKESTER, Quarter. Journ. Geol. Soc. Lond., xxi, 1865, 226, 



pi. x, xi (based on fossil tusks from the Red Crag, England). 



The name Trichechus, for so long a time in general use for 

 the Walruses, proves not, as long ago shown by Wiegmann,* von 

 Baer, Miiller, Stannius, and later by other writers, to belong at 

 all to these animals, but to the Manatee. The name Trichechus 

 originated with Artedi in 1738, in a posthumous work t edited 

 by Linne. The characters given were " Denies plani in utraque 

 maxilla. Dorsum impenne. Fistula . . . . " The cita- 

 tions under Trichechus embrace no allusion to the Walrus, but 

 relate wholly to Sirenians, or to the Manatee, as the latter was 

 then known.J Artedfs description of the Manatee is quite full 

 and explicit, but includes also characters and references belong- 

 ing to the Dugong. Trichechus forms Artedi's " genus LI," 

 and is placed in his "order V, Plagiuri" (embracing the Ceta- 

 ceans and Sirenians, the other genera of this order being Phy- 

 seter, Delphinus, Balcena, Monodon, and Catodon), and is hence 



* Respecting the proper generic name of the Walruses, Wiegmann, in 1838, 

 thus forcibly expressed his views : ' ' Die Gattung Odobenus [von Brisson, 1756] 

 hatte beibehalten werdeu mussen, da der ganz abgeschmackte Name Triche- 

 chus gar nicht dem Walrosse, sondem nrspriinglich dem Manati angehort, und 

 von Artedi fur diesen gebildet war, um die bei einem Fische oder vielmehr 

 Wallfische auffallende Behaarung zu bezeichnen." Archiv fur Naturge- 

 schichte, v. Jahrg., Band i, 1838, p. 116. 



t Ichthyologia, 1738, pars i, p. 74; pars iii, p. 79; pars iv, p. 109. In Arte- 

 cli's work the name is twice written Trichechus and twice Thrichechus. On p. 

 74 of pars i, where it first occurs, its derivation is given, uamely : "Triche- 

 chus a dpi:- criuis $ Ixdocpiscis quia solus inter pisces fere hirsutus sit." 



t The references in a general way appear to include all the Sirenians then 

 known. 



E. g., "Dentiuin duo utrinquo eminent, lougitudiiu- apithaime crassitu 

 pollicis." 



