GENERAL HISTORY. 89 



published in 1837. This elaborate memoir, so often already 

 cited in the present article, gives a general summary of nearly 

 all papers, references, and figures relating to the Walruses that 

 appeared prior to 1835, the date of its presentation to the Impe- 

 rial Academy of Sciences of Saint Petersburg for publication. 

 It also contains many original biological and anatomical ob- 

 servations, based on a young living specimen brought to Saint 

 Petersburg in 1828, which, surviving for only a week after its 

 arrival, soon fell into his hands for dissection. * 



Yon Baer, after a few preliminary remarks respecting the 

 occasion and objects of his paper, and a few words on the 

 anatomy of the Walrus, devotes some thirty pages to a critical 

 and exhaustive historical resume of the literature relating to the 

 general subject. Then follow some eighteen pages detailing 

 his observations on the living animal, in which he gives some 

 account of the few young individuals that had, up to that time, 

 been taken alive to Middle Europe ; also a detailed account of 

 the external appearance of the specimen he had examined in 

 life. He notes especially its attitudes, movements, and limb- 

 structure, and compares it in these points with the Seals. After 

 describing the position and character of the limbs in the Seals, 

 and the restriction of their movements on land to a wriggling 

 movement, with the belly lying on the ground, he refers to the 

 freer use of the extremities possessed by the Walrus, which he 

 found was able to truly stand upon its four feet, and says that, 



3. Westlicher Verbreitungs-Bezirk. 4. Periodische Wanderungen der 

 Wallrosse. 5. Physische Verhaltnisse, welche die Verbreitung der Wall- 

 rosse bedingen. 



Cap. VI. Ehemalige Verbreitung der Wallrosse (pp. 205-228). 1. Mei- 

 nimgen hieriiber. 2. Veranderungen im Vorkommen der Wallrosse in den 

 drei letzten Jahrhunderten. 3. Ob an den Orkadischen Inseln Wallrosse 

 bis ins 16te Jahrhundert sich aufgehalten haben ? 4. Beweiss, dass, so weit 

 liistorische Nachrichten zuriickgehen, kein Wallrossfang an der Kiiste von 

 Lappland getrieben worden ist. 5. Ob die Wallrosse im Mittelalter bei 

 Island haufig waren. 6. Verb'reitung der Wallrosse zur Zeit der Romer 

 und Griechen. 7. Ehemaliges Vorkommen an der Nordkiiste der Conti- 

 nente. 



Cap. VII. Paarung (pp. 228-230). 



Cap. VIII. Nahrung der Wallrosse (pp. 231-233). 



Cap. IX. Stellung des Wallrosses im Systeme, oder Verwaudtschaft mit 

 andern Thieren (pp. 234, 235). 



* He seems, however, to have never published in full the results of his 

 observations upon its anatomy, he apparently reserving the anatomical 

 part of his memoir in the hope of perfecting it through the study of addi- 

 tional material. 



