TECHNICAL HISTORY SPECIES. 445 



Gray,* the same year (1827), in Griffith's "Cuvier's Animal 

 Kingdom" (vol. v, pp. 175-181), recognized thirteen species, as 

 follows: 1. Phoca vitulina, with varieties u a. bothionica" ( u Lin. 

 Faun. Sue."); u b. sebrica" ("siUrica, Gmelin, Syst. Nat."); "c. 

 caspica" ("Gmelin, Syst. Nat."); "d. maculata" ("maculata, 

 Bodd."); 2. Phoca "Leporinus" (= Zeponna, Lepechin) ; 3. Phoca 

 discolor ( = discolor, F. Guv.); 4. Phoca lagura (=lagura, G. 

 Cuv.); 5. Phoca groenlandica (covers also oceanica, Lepech., and 

 semihmariS) Bodd.) ; 6. Phoca foetida (covers hispida, Schreber, 

 and Halichcerus griseus, Nilss., "His., 1824, 810"!); 7. Phoca 

 barbata; 8. Phoca leptonyx (covers leptonyx, Blainville, Le 

 Phoque a venire blanc, Buifon, and also Hermann's plate of 

 Phoca monachus!); 9. Mirounga (n. gen.) cristatus ( = cristata 7 

 "Gmel.", leonina. Fabric., and mitrata, 'iCamper"); 10. Mi- 

 rounga proboscidea; 11. Mirounga patagonica (n. sp. = "Phoque 

 de Patagone, F. Cuv., Mem. Mus. iv, 203" (= Macrorhinus leoni- 

 nus) ; 12. Mirounga ansoni ( = leonina, u Gmel.", ansoni, Desm.) ; 

 13. Mirounga byroni ( = Phoca byronia^ Blainv.). Of these thir- 

 teen species only six are valid, while two then well-known spe- 

 cies (Halichcerus grypus and Monachus albiventer) are confounded 

 with others. 



In 1828 Lesson t added a large number of synonyms by delib- 

 erately renaming species previously described, a large part of 

 the species so renamed being also merely nominal. He gives a 

 synopsis of the genera proposed by F. Ouvier in 1824, in his 

 general history of the group, but enumerates the species all 

 under the old generic name of Phoca. His review of the group 

 is made with discrimination, but is greatly marred by the free 

 indulgence of his love for coining new names. In the list of his 

 species here following the new names are printed in thick type: 

 1. Phoca cristata (covering leonina, Fabr., cucullata, Bodd., and 

 mitrata, "DeKay"); 2. Phoca mulleri (covering grwnlandica, 

 "Mu'ller", oceanica, Lepechin, and semilunariSj Boddaert); 3. 

 Phoca schreberi (covering hispida, Schreber, fatida, Mtiller, and 

 annellata, Mlsson) ; 4. Phoca parsons! ( = " Phoca major, Parsons," 

 to which is referred barbata, "Miiller"); 5. Phoca thienemanni 

 (= scopulicola 7 Thienemann); 6. Phoca leucopla (ex Thiene- 

 mann) ; 7. Phoca linnaei ( = vitulina, Linne") ; 8. Phoca littorea 

 (ex Thienemann); 9. Phoca lepechini (= leporina, Lepechin); 



* The authorship is not distinctly stated in the volume, so far as I have 

 been able to find, but is uniformly claimed by Gray in his subsequent 

 works. 



tDict. class. d'Hist. Nat., tome xiii, art. Phoyue, Janvier, 1828, pp. 400-426. 



