GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. 733 



In respect to the general skeleton, it may be noted that the 

 bones are very thick in proportion to their length, and of a 

 rather light open structure. The vertebrae are short and broad, 

 especially their centra, the apophysial elements being also thick 

 and short. The scapula is very large, with the crest medial 

 and the acromian process well developed. In general outline 

 and proportions it bears a close resemblance to that of Phoca 

 grcenlandica, and is consequently entirely unlike the long, nar- 

 row, lunate scapula of Erignathus barbatus. The femur is short 

 and stout, being one-third shorter but much thicker than in the 

 last-named species. The same stoutness of form characterizes 

 the humerus and the other limb-bones. While the humerus is 

 of the same length as in the Bearded Seal, it is much thicker, 

 besides differing much in other features. There is thus a 

 strongly marked difference in the relative length of the upper 

 segments of the fore and hind limbs in the two species. The 

 pelvis has the same general form as in the species of the re- 

 stricted genus Phoca. The following measurements are from 

 a disarticulated skeleton of an adult male of apparently medium 

 size: 



Measurements of the principal parts of the skeleton in Cystophora cristata ( $ ad. ). 



MM. 



Length of the skull 265 



Length of the cervical vertebrae 275 



Length of the dorsal vertebrae 630 



Length of the lumbar vertebra 320 



Length of the sacral vertebrae 190 



Length of the caudal vertebrae 290 



Length of the scapula 213 



Length of the humerus 160 



Length of the radius 155 



Length of the inanus 215 



Length of the pel-vis 318 



Length of the femur 127 



Length of the tibia 315 



Length of the pes 410 



Length of the whole skeleton 1,970 



Length of the fore limb (excluding scapula) 530 



Length of the hind limb 852 



GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION AND MIGRATIONS. The 

 Hooded or Crested Seal is restricted to the colder parts of the 

 North Atlantic and to portions of the Arctic Sea. It ranges 

 from Greenland eastward to Spitzbergen and along the Arctic 

 coast of Europe, but is rarely found south of Southern Norway 



