252 



Index 



Objections to method considered, 

 28-33 



Observations, from tent, the best 

 time for, 18; method of record- 

 ing, 70 



Observatory, outdoor, for study of 

 life and instinct of birds, 16; 

 see Tent 



Oriole, Baltimore (Icterus balti- 

 more), cleaning instinct in, 189; 

 lack of discrimination in young 

 of, 220-221; summoned by 

 alarm of Robin, 224 



Osprey, the American, or Fish 

 Hawk (Pandion haliaetus caro- 

 linensis), attachment of, to nest, 

 27; reputed intelligence of , 165 



Ostrich (Struthio camelus), period 

 of incubation in, 172 



Ovarian tube, treatment of eggs by, 

 167 



Owls, change of feeding habits in, 

 211 



P 



Parasites on nest and young of 

 Cedar- bird, 191, 192 



Parental instinct, as key to problem 

 of approach to wild birds, xx; 

 early recognition and illustra- 

 tions of, xxi; analysis of, 6-16; 

 definition of , 14; possible failures 

 of, 29 



Parker, John B., 21 



Pelican, spreading habit of, 177; 

 yawning habit of, 180 



Pheasants, sleeping habit of, 113 



Phcebe, duplication of nests by, n, 

 165 



Phosphorescence, display of, in 

 Night Hawk, 134 



Photography of birds, develop- 

 ment of new method of, xix; 

 new method of, described, 1-6; 

 its conditions, 2 ; its principles 

 analyzed, 6; mode of procedure 

 in, 17; precautions in use of, 18- 

 2 1 ; extent of application of, 21; 

 experiments in, tabulated, 21 

 25; objections to, considered, 28; 

 advantages of, 33; illustrations 

 of, 36-55; the tools of, 56-71; 

 of birds after they have been 



tamed, in House Wren, 41; in 

 Chestnut-sided Warbler, 239 



Pigeons, domestic (Columba livia, 

 var. domestica) , incubation and 

 broods of, 13; desertion of 

 young by, 29; tameability of, 

 228 



Pigeon, English Wood, habit of, 

 242 



Plates, photographic, exposure, de- 

 terioration of, carriage and care 

 of, 70; orthochromatic, 70 



Polygamy in Bluebirds, 116 



Popular natural history, defects of 

 xvii 



Prascoces, 214 



Precautions to be observed in 

 change of nesting site, 18 



Precision in instinctive acts of 

 young birds, 108, 211, 212 



Preening instinct in young Vireos, 

 104; favorite perches for, 178 



Pugnacity, the instinct of, 10, n; 

 in Kingbirds, 49; in Great Her- 

 ring Gull, 55; in Robins, 76; in 

 Red-eyed Vireos, 108; in Blue- 

 bird, 12 1 ; of Kingfisher, 13 8; role 

 of, in development of instinct of 

 incubation, 146; in domestic 

 fowls, 179; in Tropic Bird, 179 



Quail, Bob White (Colinus vir- 

 ginianus), sleeping habits of, 112 



Reaction. See Response 



Red-eyed Vireo. See Vireo 



Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla), de- 

 sertion of nest by young of, 216; 

 attracted by Robin's alarm, 224 



Redwing. See Blackbird 



Reflex action, in spreading, 178; in 

 swallowing, 181; definition and 

 illustrations of, 197-198; in 

 young of Cedar-bird, 199 



Regurgitation of indigested food in 

 Kingbirds, 52; in Gulls, 55, 165; 

 in Cedar- birds, 92, 100; in 

 Vireos, 106 



Reproduction, cycle of, in birds, 7, 

 9 



