INSECTS INJURIOUS TO BEANS AND PEAS 



291 



that the foliage of the bean is quite susceptible to injury from any 

 free kerosene, and probably whaleoil soap 1 pound to 5 or 6 gal- 

 lons, would prove safer and equally efficient. As it is frequently 

 necessary to spray beans with Bordeaux mixture or other fun- 

 gicides for fungous diseases, the whaleoil soap might be readily 

 sprayed at the same time. 



Of late years tobacco extracts have largely supplanted the oil 

 and soap emulsions and it is probable that they will be more 

 satisfactory in most places as a treatment for this insect. 



The Seed-corn Maggot * 



This insect has been termed the Seed-corn Maggot on account 

 of its frequent injuries to early seed-corn, but in recent years it 

 has often seriously injured the seeds of beans and peas, on account 

 of which it has been termed the " bean-fly," while cabbage, 



FIG. 249. Seed-corn maggot (Pegomyia fusciceps) : a, male fly, dorsal view; 

 fe, female, lateral view; c, head of female from above; d, larva, from side; 

 e, anal segment of larva; /, anal spiracles; g, cephalic spiracles; h, pupa- 

 rium all much enlarged. (After Chittenden, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



turnip, radish, onions, beets and seed potatoes are among its 

 other food-plants. 



The species is of European origin, and was first noted in this 

 country by Dr. Asa Fitch, in 1856. Since then it has become 

 distributed throughout the United States from Minnesota to 

 Texas and eastward. 



* Pegomyia fusciceps Zett. Family Anthomyiidce. 



