INSECTS INJURIOUS TO BEANS AND PEAS 



297 



Though the above methods will destroy quantities of the 

 aphids and thus prevent the destruction of the crop, they do not 

 dislodge the young aphids in the terminals, and therefore cannot 

 be relied upon to prevent all injury. Practical field tests have 

 shown that this may be done by spraying with whale-oil soap, 1 

 pound to 6 gallons of water. In small gardens this may be applied 

 by means of bucket or knapsack pumps, and on small acreages 

 with a barrel sprayer with a row-spraying attachment having noz- 

 zles arranged so that the vines will be thoroughly covered from 

 each side. The spray must be applied with considerable pressure 

 so as to force it into the terminals. Here again nicotine compounds 

 have largely displaced the soap and oil sprays, although soaps 

 are largely used in connection with the nicotine. Mr. L. M. 

 Smith recommends the use of the following formula 



"Black-leaf 40" 10 ounces 



Whale-oil soap 14 pounds 



Water 50 gallons 



He also recommends that the spraying be done on a bright 

 clear day so as to avoid injury to the vines from the spray material. * 



The Pea-moth f 



The Pea-moth is an old pest in Europe, whence it was imported 

 into Canada, where it has frequently done considerable mischief. 

 It is known to occur in the 

 large pea-growing sections of 

 New Brunswick, Nova Scotia 

 and Ontario, where it first at- 

 tracted attention near Toronto 

 in 1893, and was found in the 

 pea growing section of Michigan 

 in 1908. The wings of the adult 

 moth expand about one-half 



an inch, the fore-wings being FlG 252 ._ The pea _ moth (Semasia 

 "dark, fuscous or dusky, tinged 

 with darker brown and mottled 

 with white," the hind-wings 

 being a uniform fuscous with a rather long inner fringe of hairs, 

 as shown in Fig. 252. 



The females may be found flying around pea-blossoms soon 



* L. M. Smith, Virginia Truck Expt. Sta., Bulletin for October, 1914. 



t Semasia nigricana Steph. Family Tortricidcp. 



nigricana Steph.) : moth above, 

 larva below about three times 

 natural size. (After Chittenden, 

 U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



