404 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



1 



like cavity and hibernate over winter, or if hatched earlier they 

 may feed on the sap wood or occasionally bore into the stem and 

 become one-quarter inch or more long before winter. The next 

 season the larva? bore in the lower stem and roots, but the 



nature of the injury differs 

 as observed in different 

 places. In New Jersey, Dr. 

 J. B. Smith states that the 

 larva? girdle the stem at the 

 crown, causing the plants to 

 die. In spring they aban- 

 don the old wood and 

 attack new shoots, but he 

 observed none entering the 

 stem. In Washington, the 

 infested plants seldom 

 show any signs of the pres- 

 ence of the borers other 

 than a poor growth, though 

 occasionally a few hills will 

 die where the roots have 

 been badly riddled by the 

 larva?, the injury being 

 mostly in the roots. "The 

 borer," according to Law- 

 rence, "first enters the 

 roots and tunnels through 

 them promiscuously until 

 the second spring, and then 

 directs its course upward, 

 entering and eating the pith 

 of the cane for a distance of 

 one to five ^ches." At the 



FIG. 337.-Raspberry root-borer (Bembeda 

 marginata Harr.) : a, female and male end of the first summer the 

 larvae, full grown; 6, male and female , i i f . t u r pp_ 



pupa- c, female, and d, male moths rest- larva 1S ( 

 ing on leaf; e, e, eggs slightly reduced, quarters inch long. By the 



middle of the second sum- 



mer the larva is full-grown and bores an exit hole through the 

 wood and bark just above the crown, leaving the hole covered by 



