478 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



kerosene emulsion with a force pump. Add four gallons of 

 water for use and apply with a spray pump. Keep face and 

 hands protected from this spray." The carbolineum is rather 

 expensive, however, and does not seem to be much more 

 effective than the whitewash. 



Control measures, aside from pruning, are rarely necessary. 



The Buffalo Tree-hopper * 



The work of the Buffalo Tree-hopper consists of a series of 

 cuts or incisions in the limbs of fruit or shade trees, made by the 

 female in the process of egg-laying, which result in very character- 



FIG. 402. The buffalo tree-hopper (Ceresa bubalus Fab.) : a, a, adult, enlarged 

 and natural size; twig of apple showing recent egg-punctures at 6; c, 

 bark reversed .with eggs in position; d, single row of eggs enlarged; 

 e, wounds of two or three years standing on older limbs. (After Mar- 

 latt, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



istic wounds. This injury is somewhat like that done by the 

 periodical cicada or by tree crickets, but the scars are larger 

 and are placed irregularly. When badly attacked the limbs of 

 small trees sometimes become so scarred that they are badly 

 stunted or may 'be killed. The cause of this mischief is a curious 



* Ceresa bubahis Fab. Family Membracidce. See C. L. Marlatt, Circular 

 23, Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. Agr., and H. E. Hodgkiss, Tech. Bulletin 17, N. Y. 

 Agr. Exp. Sta., p. 92. 



