INSECTS INJURIOUS TO ORCHARD FRUITS 



489 



Atlantic States, but it has been confused with another species 

 (Hyphantria textor Harris) by practically everyone, and it is still 

 a question as to whether the two species are really distinct and 

 if so how they are to be distinguished. If the latter form be a 

 distinct species, it occurs throughout the United States and has 

 the same habits. 



Control. The insect is readily controlled by spraying with any 

 of the arsenicals when the work of the young larvae is first noticed. 

 Where orchards are sprayed for the codling moth there will be 

 little trouble with the first generation, and fruit-growers will do 

 well to make it a practice to spray in August where they are 

 troubled with this and other leaf-eating caterpillars. 



Mechanical destruction of the 

 nests is good practice when spray- 

 ing is not done. 



The Brown-tail Moth.* 

 The Brown-tail Moth has become 

 injurious only in Massachusetts, New 

 Hampshire and Maine although it has 

 several times been brought into other 

 states in the winter nests on seedling 

 trees imported from France and 

 Belgium. With the present effici- 

 ent quarantine service it is rather 

 unlikely that it will become estab- 

 lished elsewhere. On the contrary, 

 it seems that its range may gradu- 

 ally be reduced although actual exter- 

 mination can not be looked for in 

 the immediate future. It has long 

 been a serious pest in parts of central 

 and western Europe, whence it was 

 introduced into Massachusetts about 

 attention until 1897. 



FIG. 413. Winter web of the 

 brown-tail moth one-half 

 natural size. 



1890, but did not attract 

 The female moth is pure white except the 

 tip of the abdomen, which is golden brown and forms a large 



* Euproctis chrysorrhcea Linn. Family Liparidoe. See L. O. Howard, 

 Farmers' Bulletin 264, U. S. Dept. Agr.; E. D. Sanderson, Bulletin 136, N. H, 

 Agr. Exp. Sta.; A. F. Burgess, Farmers' Bulletin 845, U. S. Dept. Agr. 



