INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE AND PEAR 549 



transform to pupae. The pupal stage lasts ten or twelve days, most 

 of the moths emerging in early July. The pistol case-bearers 

 become full grown and transform about a month earlier. The 

 adults of both species are little grayish moths with wings expand- 

 ing about one-half inch, and broadly fringed with long hairs. 

 The eggs of both species are laid singly on the under sides of the 

 leaves and hatch in ten days to two weeks. The young cater- 

 pillars which hatch from them feed within the leaf for a short time 

 as leaf-miners, before they make their little cases and migrate to 

 the twigs, where they remain until spring. 



FIG. 483. Apple leaf with cigar case-bearers at work natural size. 

 Hammar, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



(After 



Control. Spraying with Paris green or arsenate of lead just 

 before the leaf buds open and again as soon as the foliage is out, 

 will destroy the little caterpillars. 



The Bud Moth * 



This is a European species which was first noted in this country 

 in 1841, and has since spread throughout the Northern and Middle 



* Tmetocera ocellana Schiff. Family Tortricidce. See M. V. Slineerland 

 Bulletin- 107, Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta.; W. E. Britton, 9th Report, State 

 Entomologist of Connecticut, p. 353. 



