558 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



using a coarse spray with a high pressure, 100 to 250 pounds, 

 which will drive the spray through the bases of the stamens 

 into the lower calyx cavity, and though excellent results are 

 undoubtedly secured in this way, experiments in the East indicate 

 that a mist spray is equally effective if thoroughly applied, 

 whether the lower calyx cavity is reached or not. There is no 

 question, however, of the importance of maintaining a good 

 pressure, of at least 100 pounds, so that the spray may be forced 

 through the foliage; for the blossoms point in all directions, 

 and the spray must be forced through the tree to reach those 

 pointing inward on the opposite side. An angle on the end of 



FIG. 496. Work of the second generation of codling moth larvae. 



the spray-rod which will turn the nozzle at 35 or 45 degrees will 

 greatly aid in reaching all parts of the tree. 



The second spraying should be applied three or four weeks 

 after the blossoms fall, just as the eggs are hatching. At this 

 time the object should be to cover the f oh' age thoroughly, so 

 that the young larvae may be killed while they feed on the foliage. 

 Consequently both the upper and under surfaces of the leaves 

 should be coated. If the first spraying has been well done, the 

 second will often be unnecessary where there is but a partial 

 second brood or where the pest is well under control, but as it 

 is often necessary to spray for the fungous diseases at this time 

 it is well to add the arsenical, which but slightly increases the 

 cost. Where there is a full second generation, as in most of the 

 Middle and Pacific States, a third application as the second 

 generation of larvae .are hatching, will be found advisable about 



