INSECTS INJURIOUS TO THE APPLE AND PEAR 



571 



The larva now enters the ground for an inch or two, where 

 it forms a small cell, which is moistened with saliva so that the 

 walls become somewhat impervious to water. In six or eight 

 days it transforms to the pupa and in about two weeks after 

 the larva entered the ground the adult fly digs its way out of 

 the soil. Some of the larvae of each generation, and all of those 

 of the last generation re- 

 main in the soil over 

 winter and transform to 

 pupae the next spring. 

 At Washington, D. C., the 

 first generation of larvae 

 disappear by the end of 

 June and the second gene- 

 ration, which is probably 

 followed by a third gen- 

 eration, is most abundant 

 in early July, when the 



nrinpinal ininrv ic ^rno FIG. ^05. Illustrating method of oviposition 

 principal injury is done. and em nce of * he gl p cut . 



Farther north there are 

 but two generations, the 

 second appearing in 

 August. 



Control. By spraying with any of the arsenicals when the 

 work of the slugs is first noticed on the foliage they may be quickly 

 destroyed. Whale-oil soap, or other soap, 1 pound to 4 gallons, 

 will also destroy the larvae as a contact insecticide. Hellebore, 

 air-slaked lime, or almost any finely divided dust, thoroughly 

 dusted over the trees will also destroy most of the larvae, which 

 are very readily killed. In gardens where water under pressure 

 is available, the slugs may be washed off by a jet from a hose, 

 as they are frequently washed off by heavy rains, and are much 

 less injurious in wet seasons. 



The Tarnished Plant-bug * 



The tarnished plant-bug is one of the most common and 

 troublesome plant-bugs throughout the country from Canada to 



* Lygus pratensis Linn. Family Capsidce. See Stedman, Bulletin 47. 

 Missouri Agr. Exp. Sta., Crosby and Leonard, Bulletin 346, Cornell Univ. 

 Agr. Expt. Station, and Leonard Haseman, Research Bulletin 29, Missouri 

 Agr. Expt. Station. 



rgei 



ting of cell beneath epidermis, showing the 

 tip of the ovipositor; b, the cell after the egg 

 has been deposited; c, same after escape of 

 the larva all much enlarged. (After Mar- 

 latt, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



