INSECTS INJURIOUS TO DOMESTIC ANIMALS, ETC. 679 



Lime-sulphur solutions have long been used for dipping cattle, 

 having been manufactured for that purpose before they were used 

 for spraying. They do not differ in composition from the same 

 materials used as sprays. Strengths of commercial materials 

 will be indicated on the package. Home-made materials should 

 contain 8 pounds unslaked lime and 24 pounds sulphur to the 

 hundred gallons. The process of cooking is the same as for the 

 spray of the same materials. 



Sulphur and nicotine in combination have been used for 

 dipping. In this dip flowers of sulphur is mixed with the nicotine, 

 the amount necessary to make a 1 to 800 solution of nicotine con- 

 taining two per cent of sulphur being used. These are then 

 added to the water. 



Widely used dips for various purposes are the arsenical dips. 

 Arsenical dips may be made by using caustic soda, 4 pounds, 

 white arsenic 10 pounds and sal-soda crystals 10 pounds. Dis- 

 solve the caustic soda in about a gallon of hot water and add the 

 arsenic as fast as it can be dissolved in the hot water without 

 boiling, then dilute to about four gallons and add the sal-soda, 

 then dilute the whole to exactly five gallons. This forms one 

 of the two necessary stock solutions. The other is made as 

 follows: Dissolve %-pound caustic soda in a quart of water, 

 then add a gallon of pine tar, stirring until a smooth even mixture 

 is secured. Both the above stock solutions should be kept in 

 closed containers. The diluted dipping solution for use should 

 contain four-fifths of a gallon of the arsenic stock and one-third 

 gallon of the tar stock. 



Other dips are made from coal-tar preparations, but are usually 

 sold as proprietary dips, and should be used as directed. 



Dipping vats are of many styles. For large stock ranches 

 they may be made permanent and arranged so as to handle 

 large numbers of animals. Smaller farms may well have per- 

 manent vats which need not be so elaborate. For small animals, 

 sheep for instance, vats are not necessary but are desirable for 

 convenience in handling the animals. Sheep may be dipped in 

 large barrels. A canvas bag for dipping sheep has been used with 

 satisfaction in small operations. 



Anyone contemplating the use of dips or the construction of 

 dipping vats and apparatus should consult the Bureau of Animal 



