680 INSECT PESTS OF FARM, GARDEN AND ORCHARD 



Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, or the State Experiment 

 Station, which will give free advice and often will be able to 

 send experts to assist in the preparation for such work. Farmers' 

 Bulletins Nos. 1057, 713?, 909, 798, and 603 deal with pests for 

 which dips are used and with the preparation of dips and dipping 

 vats, and should be consulted before beginning such work. They 

 like all Farmers' Bulletins, are free upon application to the U. S. 

 Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. 



Poultry Lice * 



Only the biting lice attack poultry or birds of any kind, the 

 sucking lice being found exclusively on mammals. Three species 

 are common on chickens and others are 

 occasionally found. Different species at- 

 tack ducks, turkeys and other fowls. 



The Head Louse of Chickens f 



This louse is most frequently found 

 on the head but may occur on the neck 

 and other parts. It is dark grayish in 

 color and may be as long as one-tenth inch. 

 Eggs are deposited on the down or feathers 

 about the head and the lice feed on the skin 

 and feathers close to the skin. The life 

 cycle requires about three weeks. Young 

 resemble the adults except in size and in 

 their lighter color. It is this species that 

 causes most trouble with young chicks to 

 which it passes readily from the mother hen. 

 As the chickens get older these lice become 

 less numerous and troublesome. Since 



FIG. 597. Head louse: poultrymen insist that profits from poultry 

 male, top view. Greatly ... . . , . 



enlarged. After Bish- raising depend very largely upon the vigor 



opp, U. S. Dept. of Agr. o f young chicks it will be seen that the 

 control of these lice is important. This may be accomplished as 

 described later for all poultry lice. 



* Order Mallophaga. See F. C. Bishopp and H. P. Wood, Farmers' 

 Bulletin 801, U. S. Dept. of Agr. 

 t Lipeurus heretographus Nitzsch, 



