INTELLIGENCE, POWER, 



changeless as the energy of the protoplasm of a tree. The 

 mating season would be identical with every other season. 

 There would be no rhythms of adaptation to cold and for 

 reproduction. Thus, if every animal had the same speed of 

 energy transformation or basic metabolism, everything 

 would be alike and predictable. There would be only basic 

 oxidation, not adaptive oxidation. The ovaries, the testes, 

 the mammary glands, the hypophysis, the muscles, the 

 bones, the tendous, the fat, the connective tissues none of 

 these can of itself change the rate of basic oxidation or 

 metabolism. The brain can supply the spark that produces 

 oxidation, but it cannot, without the heart and the red 

 blood cells, the thyroid gland, the adrenal-sympathetic 

 system, and the special senses, adaptively regulate the 

 speed of oxidation. 



The brain-heart-thyroid-adrenal-sympathetic system, 

 then, is the distinguishing feature of higher animals. The 

 brain, the heart, the thyroid gland, and the adrenal- 

 sympathetic system adaptively control muscular action, 

 glandular secretion, and emotional expression, thereby 

 generating and controlling the intelligence, power, and 

 personality of the animal. Therefore, we should expect to 

 find variations in the size of the brain, the heart, the volume 

 of the blood, the thyroid and adrenal glands, the celiac 

 ganglia, and the sympathetic system in warm-blooded 

 animals in contrast to cold-blooded animals. Among the 

 warm-blooded animals we should expect to find variations 

 in energy characteristics and in the size of the brain, the 

 heart, the thyroid gland, the adrenal glands, the celiac 

 ganglia, and the sympathetic system in such animals as the 

 protected group, on the one hand, which possess carapace, 

 sting, barb, and color protection, and the pure-energy 

 group, on the other hand, which depend solely upon their 

 power of attack and escape, such as the tiger and the 

 antelope. In these two groups there are intermittent energy 

 requirements. 



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