AND PERSONALITY 



The third group consists of the master animals in the sea 

 and on the land. This group is characterized by the posses- 

 sion of a higher level of activity than is seen in any other 

 group. The representatives of this group in the sea are the 

 warm-blooded land animals that returned to the sea but 

 continued to breathe the rich oxygen concentration of the 

 air, namely, the whale and the porpoise. The sole master 

 on the land is man. 



No animal, including man, possesses any organ or any 

 power that does not have survival value. Evolution is a 

 strict economist. Therefore, we should expect that an ani- 

 mal that depends on carapace, inaccessibility, sting, or 

 poison would possess a smaller brain, a smaller heart, a 

 smaller thyroid gland, and a more primitive sympathetic 

 system and celiac glanglia than an animal without such 

 protective devices. 



If, on the other hand, in attack or escape, an animal 

 depends upon high speed over long distances such as the 

 wild dog or the wolf that pursues the antelope or caribou 

 one would expect to find a thyroid gland nearly as large as 

 the adrenal glands in both the pursuers and the pursued, 

 since a high rate of oxidation must be maintained over long 

 periods of time. 



If an animal depends upon a sudden rushing attack, as 

 do the members of the cat family, one would expect the 

 adrenal glands to be larger than the thyroid gland, and, 

 as a corollary, the animals that the smaller cats rush, 

 namely, the rodents, would be endowed with correspond- 

 ingly large adrenal glands. 



Since the greatest energy requirement in warm-blooded 

 animals is the maintenance of the warm-blooded state, we 

 should expect to find the brain, the heart, the volume of 

 blood, and the thyroid gland larger in the cold arctic 

 than in the warm tropics. It is constant energy expenditure, 

 not outburst energy expenditure, that constitutes adapta- 

 tion against cold. Therefore, we should expect to find the 



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