AND PERSONALITY 



the generation of energy. The cells constituting the greatest 

 mass and almost the exclusive generation of the energy of 

 the higher animals do not follow the energy pattern of the 

 amoeba or of the nucleated cells in the organs of the higher 

 animals. 



The voluntary muscle cells and the red blood cells have 

 an energy pattern different from that of the nucleated cells. 

 The red blood cells have no nucleus, therefore generate no 

 electric strain within themselves. The voluntary muscle 

 cells, though multinuclear, possess such small nucleuses that 

 functionally they might be considered "anucleated." 



We have already seen that the unicellulars, such as the 

 amoeba, and the nucleated cells of the higher animals 

 depend upon electric strain for performing their work and 

 for maintaining their structure. What, then, could be the 

 source of the electric strain that enables the red blood cells 

 and the voluntary muscle fibers to perform their work and 

 to maintain their structure ? 



Let us first examine the evidence in the case of the 

 voluntary muscles. The voluntary muscles are adapted to 

 high-speed action in attack and defense, for the expression 

 of the emotions and for the maintenance of the warm- 

 blooded state. This requires high-speed oxidation in com- 

 parison to the low-speed oxidation required by the amoeba 

 and by the nucleated cells in the organs of the higher 

 animals. 



It has long been known that when the nerve communica- 

 tion between the brain and a voluntary muscle is severed, 

 even though the muscle possesses a normal blood supply 

 and enzymes and catalysts, the electric stimulation gener- 

 ated by the brain cells and upon which the muscle fiber 

 depends for structure and function is lost. 



Of still greater significance is the fact that the severance 

 of the nerve communication between the brain and a 

 voluntary muscle instantly paralyzes the muscle. The struc- 

 ture of the muscle fibers then breaks down and is replaced 



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