INTELLIGENCE, POWER, 



In the First World War the struggle among rival nations 

 was for dominance. On the African front the struggle is for 

 food and against a natural prey. On the French front there 

 were no women and children. On the African front young 

 are born and raised, and each member of the family spends 

 his life struggle on the front. 



On the French front a casual observer could see nothing 

 no gun, no soldier. The nearer the fighting front the more 

 peaceful and quiet it seemed when no "kill" was on. It is 

 likewise with the African front. The African front is in 

 every blade of grass. It is in the water and in the air. It is 

 behind every sheltering tree or rock. It is in the burrows, in 

 the deepest jungle, and on the open plain. 



In France the front existed for several years, only. The 

 African front began when life began. As many soldiers 

 populated the French front as animals the African front. On 

 the French front raids were common. On the African front 

 no night passes without raids. In war camouflage is utilized. 

 In Africa animals are born camouflaged. 



In Africa each day the native kills many animals with 

 poison arrow, spear, or trap, and each day a number of 

 natives are killed by poison fangs, teeth, or claws. Each 

 day, also, lions, leopards, cheetahs, civet cats, jackals, 

 ostriches, secretary birds, and the greater and lesser bus- 

 tards kill thousands of mammals, birds, snakes, and scor- 

 pions. Birds kill thousands of insects, and insects, in turn, 

 kill myriads of birds and animals; and the countless billions 

 of living things revealed only by the microscope the greater 

 world of bacteria take the largest toll. 



Not only is the animal world in constant struggle in 

 Africa, but, on an even wider front, plant warfare is ex- 

 tended. Many animals attack plants, and plants, in turn, 

 defend themselves against the animals by thorns, by poison, 

 by bitter acrid taste, by climbing heights, by delving into 

 swamps, and by forming jungles. Just as the most relentless 

 warfare of animals is animal against animal, and just as 



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