NOMENCLATURE OF THE LEAF. 61 



Quinquifld having five clefts, as in spotted geranium. 

 Multifld the margin of round leaves, cut from the apex almost 

 to the base, without having any great intermediate sinuses, as in 

 monk's-hood and bitter-apple. 



f f. Runcinate signifies, that the expansion is deeply cut into 

 many transverse acute-angled segments, the points of which, tend 

 towards the base of the leaf, as in common dandelion. (F. 105.) 



gg. Pinnatifid when the segments are deeper, and at a more re- 

 gular distance from each other, as in the star-thistle and corn 

 scabious. (F. 106.) 



h h. Pectinate when the segments are very narrow, linear, and 

 parallel, like the tooth of a comb, as in the lower leaves of marsh 

 water-violet. (F. 108.) 



15. From the differences which exist in the solid con- 

 figuration of leaves, there are nineteen appropriate terms 

 employed, viz. cylindrical, hair-like, semi-cylindrical, 

 tubular, four-cornered, three-cornered, tongue-shaped, 

 gibbous, scimitar-shaped, hatchet-shaped, compressed, 

 flat, two-edged, spherical, ovoid, coccoon-shaped, club- 

 shaped, hooked and lenticular. 



a. Cylindrical when a transverse section, made any where 

 throughout the greater part of the length of the leaf, is circular, as in 

 common chives and cultivated salt- wort. (F. 104.) 



b. Hair-like or capillaceous when the uiameter of the leaf is so 

 small, that the leaf is as fine as a hair. 



c. Semi-cylindrical when one side of the leaf is flat, and the 

 other convex, as in the colchicum gibbosum. (F. 109.) 



d. Tubular when the greater portion of the leaf is cylindrical 

 or nearly so, tapering to a point and hollow within, as in the onion. 

 (F. 110.) Sometimes the hollow appears as if it were formed by 

 the two sides of the leaf being compressed together, but separated 

 near the mid-rib, so that one part of the leaf is flat and another tubu- 

 lar, as beautifully exemplified in the genus sarracenea. 



e. Four-edged or tetragonal when there are four longitudinal 

 sides, and consequently, four corners, as in square-stalked corn- 

 flag. (F.117.) 







