NOMENCLATURE OF THE LEAF. 05 



c. Bordered margins When the substance of the margin of a 

 leaf, differs from that of the expansion, the leaf is considered bor- 

 dered; and according to the character of the border, the margin 

 receives different names : as 



Cartilaginous when the margin is firmer than the disk and 

 somewhat elastic, as in the broad-leaved Adam's-needle. This 

 cartillage is generally whitish, yellowish, pinkish, or some other 

 colour, but is seldom green. 



Horny when it resembles the cartilaginous, but is harder and 

 less elastic. 



Ciliate when beset with soft parallel hairs, not closely set 

 together. (F. 153.) If the hairs are stiff and like bristles, it is 

 then said to be acutely-ciliated. 



Glandular when the margin is studded with small glandular 

 bodies, either opaque or semi-transparent. If the glands are 

 supported on hairs, it is said to be ciliated-glandular. (F. 154.) 



d. Rolled margins where the margins assume a turning direc- 

 tion. Hence they are said to be 



Revolute when rolled backwards, or upon the under surface 

 of the leaf. 



Involute-when rolled forwards. 



Undulated when the disk near the margin, is waved obtusely 

 up and down, as in the base rocket. 



Curled when the margin of the leaf becomes more expanded 

 than the disk, so as to grow elegantly curled and twisted, as in 

 the curl-leaved mallow. 



19. Surface: The numerous terms made use of, to 

 denote the characteristic marks connected with the sur- 

 face of the leaf, are flat, smooth, shining, lucid, convex, 

 concave, channelled, keeled, furrowed, streaked, na- 

 vel-like, folded, waved, wrinkled, blistered, scabrous, 

 rough, warty, pustular, muricated, prickly, aculeated, 

 hispid, hirsute, bristly, strigose and bearded. 



a. Flat when no irregularities are exhibited. 



b. Smooth without any kind of roughness. 



c. Shining smooth and shining, as in the common Indian shot 

 and sweet bay. 



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