46 PUBLIC PARKS OF IOWA 



are covered with ground hemlock or yew and ironwood, blue beech and 

 red cedar. It is interesting to note that a white oak, two feet in diameter 

 was 96 years old or that it was a seedling during the period of Long's 

 exploring expedition. We were also able to count the annual rings on 

 two white pine stumps cut a few years ago. The diameter of the first 

 tree was 3 feet 2 inches. This was a seedling during the revolutionary 

 war. A second tree was 140 years old, therefore a seedling during the 

 revolutionary war. The diameter of this tree was 3 feet 4 inches. These 

 trees stood on one of the banks of Spring Branch. There are other trees 

 equally as large on the Maquoketa. The diameter of one of them was 3 

 feet, 3 inches, and it was 60 feet high. There are a few trees with a 

 slightly greater diameter, and perhaps 75 feet high. A rough estimate 

 places the white pine trees left standing at 200. They add a charm to 

 the whole region. Of course, there are hundreds of quaking aspen and 

 large-toothed aspen. One of the fallen large-toothed aspen, (poplar), 

 was 52 feet long. This tree is as common as the quaking aspen. The 

 area also contains thousands of red cedar, white and red oak, basswoods, 

 slippery elms, bur oaks and a few chestnut oaks. The woods were cov- 

 ered with a fine display of spring flowers, anemone, rue anemone, blue 

 and yellow violets, columbine, lungworts, Saint Jacobs ladder, sweet 

 Williams, hepatica, blood roots, dutchman's breeches, painted cup, louse- 

 wort, everlasting wild ginger. The list of plants collected by me is ap- 

 pended herewith. 



Ulmus racemosa, Corky bark elm. 



Phlox divaricata, Sweet William. 



Amelanchier canadensis, Service berry. 



Carpinus americana, Blue beech. 



Ribes gracile, Smooth gooseberry. 



Ribes cynosbati, Prickly gooseberry. 



Ribes floridum, Black currant. 



Sanguinaria canadensis, Blood root. 



Salix cordata, Pussy willow. 



Trillium erectum var declinatum, Trillium. 



Viola cucullata, Blue violet. 



Viola pubescens, Yellow violet. 



Rhus typhina, Staghorn sumach. 



Juniperus virginiana, Red cedar. 



Asarum canadense, Wild ginger. 



Taxus baccata, Yew. 



Ostrya virginica, Ironwood. 



Anemone nemerosa, Wind flower. 



Polemonium reptans, Saint Jacob's ladder. 



Claytonia virginica, Spring beauty. 



Anemonella thalictroides, Rue anemone 



Mitella diphylla, Bishop's cap. 



Luzula campestris, Rush. 



Prunus americana, Wild plum. 



Castillea coccinea, Paint brush. 



Dicentra cucullaria, Dutchman's breeches. 



Isopyrum biternatum, False rue anemone. 



Pyrola secunda, Shin leaf. 



Hepatica auctiloba, Hepatica. 



Arabis laevigata, Mustard. 



Populus grandidentata, Large toothed aspen. 



Uvularia grandiflora, Bellwort. 



