14 DOUGLAS' JOURNAL 



consisting of Quercus, Acer, Juglans, Fagus, Fraxinus ; there are no 

 pines here ; the underwood is Crataegus, Pyrus, Rhus ; also on the side 

 of the river a species of vine, the fruit small, scarcely ripe in fact the 

 birds eat them as soon as ripe there were some leaves large, the shoots 

 small. I took seeds of it. Passed a long swamp intersected by natural 

 ditches in which grew Nuphar advena, N. Kalmianum, Eriocaulon (a small 

 species and much like our British one on Loch Sligachan, Skye). Sagittaria 

 sagittifolia grew spontaneously and seemed to contend with the Nymphaea 

 odorata for a prior right of habitation. On passing the swamp just men- 

 tioned, which is fully four miles long, we came to what is called ' The French 

 Settlement.' The fields are well cultivated and divided by fences ; attached 

 to each house is a neat garden laid out and kept with taste. The cultivated 

 apples comprise about eight or ten varieties ; they are known by black, red, 

 white, &c. There are a few pears, which are scarcely seen in the western part 

 of the State of New York ; probably the emigrants took them from France 

 at the first settling of the country. They have a few peaches, in appearance 

 the same as in the States. The climate seems to be particularly favourable 

 for them. I am informed they ripen in ordinary seasons ; they have 

 not that sickly appearance which they have in the States, occasioned 

 probably by excess of heat. Four miles from Sandwich the ground rises 

 of a brown loam on gravel. I saw some fine species of Solidago in 

 flower, but no seed ripe. On my arrival at Sandwich I found many 

 friends of Mr. T. Mason. 



Friday, September Vdth. I made a visit to a wood four miles north- 

 east of the town. Quercus sp. 41 Herb., 50 to 60 feet high in sandy peat 

 soil, the leaves lobed, fruit small, cup covered with scales. Quercus sp. 40, 

 30 feet high, poor soil ; this is near one which I saw on the island at Amherst- 

 burg. Crataegus sp. 11, on gravelly soil on the side of wood, a small tree. 

 In a small marsh grew Chelone glabra, var. alba, a fine plant ; it had not seeds, 

 I therefore took plants. In the same place Coreopsis sp. 1 Herb., flowers 

 a fine bright yellow, growing in water ; a Manong, a species of Bidens, 

 which had no seeds. On my way home, two miles from Sandwich, among 

 underwood grew a Phlox 18 inches high, leaves linear, opposite, and having 

 flower large in proportion to the plant ; soil, sandy peat or nearly all sand. 

 I was much pleased with this, it had no seeds ; I of course took plants. 

 On the same place Gerardia sp. looked like quercifolia, plenty of seeds but 

 no flower. I wish they may grow. Neottia or Satyrium in peat. Cypripedium 

 in sandy peat soil among bushes. I here observed a crab-apple larger than 

 the common crab, flat and well tasted. The trees are small, leaves large, 

 spurs or thorns very large. I here got three different species of Liatris. 



Saturday, September 20th. Early in the morning got a car and hired 

 a man to conduct me up the country. I set out slowly, moving along the 

 riverside, picking up anything which presented itself. After passing through 

 a country of twelve miles from Sandwich, well cultivated, came then 

 to a morass of about two miles long, succeeded by a passage of sand along 

 Lake St. Glair ; rendered the horse so weak that I had to stop for a day. 

 I was glad to do so, as there seemed to be a good field ; accordingly towards 

 midday I set off with the man I had taken with me. Here I found 



