40 DOUGLAS' JOURNAL 



margine revolutis basi obtusis apice acutis muticis subtus stellatim pubes- 

 centibus, fructibus pedunculatis, cupula turbinata, squamis abbreviatis, 

 glande oblonga. Pursh. 



Q. wrens, Michx. f. N. Am. Sylv. v. 1, p. 67, t. 12 ; Willd. Sp. PL 4, 

 p. 425 ; Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. v. 2, p. 626. 



Q. Phettos, ft Linn. Sp. PL p. 1412. 



Q. sempervirens, Walt. Fl. Car. p. 234. 



Q. virens, Willd. Sp. PI. 4, p. 425 ; Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am. 2, p. 67, t. 11 ; Pursh, 

 Fl. Am. Sept. 2, p. 626 ; Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 214 ; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5, p. 287 ; 

 Sm. in Rees' Encyc. 29, part 1. 



Q. sempervirens, Walt. Fl. Car. p. 234. 



Q. sempervirens, foliis oblongis non sinualis, Catesb. Car. Tab. 17. 



Found exclusively in the maritime parts of the Southern States of the 

 two Floridas, Lower Louisiana, and Virginia. It makes no part of the 

 forest, even at the distance of fifteen or twenty miles from the sea. 



Pursh says near the sea coast, Virginia to Florida and Mississippi, 

 it grows to the height of 40 or 50 feet, spreading its branches wide 

 when not enclosed by other trees. 



This is one of the most valuable of the timbers employed in the 

 United States, particularly for shipbuilding, but on account of its extreme 

 heaviness the workmen are obliged to insert in the upper frames of the 

 vessel pieces of red cedar, of the same diameter, the timber of which 

 being extremely light, nevertheless stands equally well the vicissitudes of 

 moisture and drought. In the south of the United States the wood is 

 employed by wheelwrights for the felloes and hubs of the larger carts, as 

 well as the teeth of mill-wheels and screw-presses. But such has been the 

 consumption of late years, and no attempt made for its reproduction, that 

 Michaux asserts that in a few years it will cease to exist in the United 

 States or be only found, like the Quercus Ilex, in the south of France, Spain, 

 or Italy, where it used to abound as a timber, in the form of a shrub or 

 low bush, merely useful as fuel. Yet the Q. virens is that which, 

 perhaps, will best bear the comparison, in point of the excellency of its 

 timber, with our European oak. 



16. QUERCUS CINEREA. Grey Oak, Upland Willow Oak. 



Q. cinerea. Foliis perennantibus coriaceis lanceolato-oblongis integerrimis 

 margine revolutis basi attenuatis apice obtusiusculis mucronatis subtus 

 stellatim tomentosis, fructibus sessilibus, cupula scutellata, glande sub- 

 globosa. Pursh. 



Q. cinerea, Michx. f. N. Am. Sylv. v. 1, p. 85, t. 16 ; Willd. Sp. PL v. 4, 

 p. 425 ; Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. v. 2, p. 626. 



Q. humilis, Walt. FL Carol, p. 234, nana foliis dentatis. Q. nana, 

 Willd. Sp. PL 4, p. 443. 



Q. cinerea Willd. Sp. PL 4, 425 ; Michx. Hist. Chenes Am. t. 14 ; Michx. f. Hist. 

 Arb. Am. 2, p. 81, t. 14 ; Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 2, p. 626 ; Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 214 ; 

 Sm. in Rees' Encyc. 29, part 1st, no. 6; Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 5, p. 288; 

 Q. Phettos, Qsericea, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, 3, p. 354. 



Q. humilis, foliis lanceolatis integerrimis seta terminatis subtus tomentosis, Walt. 

 Fl. Car. 234, 



