1825, APRIL. PLANTS COLLECTED 107 



is seen in the distance far exceeding the others in height]; this I have no 

 doubt is Mount Jefferson of Lewis and Clarke ; two others equally con- 

 spicuous are observed, one due east and one to the north, the former 

 Mount Hood, the latter Mount St. Helens of Vancouver. Their height must 

 be very great (at least 10,000 to 12,000 ft.), two-thirds are I am informed 

 continually enwrapped in perpetual snow. I have scarcely perceived 

 any difference in the diminishing of the snow (now August). I was 

 in June within a few miles of Mount Hood. Its appearance presented 

 barriers that could not be surmounted by any person to reach its summit. 

 My residence is on the north bank of the river twelve miles below Point 

 Vancouver (90 from the ocean), the spot where the officer of his squadron 

 discontinued their survey of the river. The place is called Fort Vancouver. 

 In the river opposite my hut lies Menzies Island, so named by Mr. Broughton 

 in honour of Archibald Menzies, Esq., then his companion on the famous 

 expedition. On my arrival a tent was kindly offered, having no houses 

 yet built, which I occupied for some weeks ; a lodge of deerskin was then 

 made for me which soon became too small by the augmenting of my 

 collection and being ill adapted for drying my plants and seeds. I am 

 now (August 16) in a hut made of bark of Thuya occidentalis which most 

 likely will be my winter lodging. 1 have been only three nights in a 

 house since my arrival, the three first on shore. On my journeys I have 

 a tent where it can be carried, which rarely can be done ; sometimes I sleep 

 in one, sometimes under a canoe turned upside down, but most commonly 

 under the shade of a pine tree without anything. In England people 

 shudder at the idea of sleeping with a window open ; here, each individual 

 takes his blanket and with all the complacency of mind that can be 

 imagined throws himself on the sand or under a bush just as if he was 

 going to bed. I confess, at first, although I always stood it well and 

 never felt any bad effects from it, it was looked on by me with a sort 

 of dread. Now I am well accustomed to it, so much so that comfort 

 seems superfluity. 



(21) Iris sp., perennial ; flowers blue ; a small plant, 6 inches to a 

 foot high ; in fertile plains, near the margin of rivulets ; abundant. S. 



(22) Allied to Lithospermum ; annual ; flowers rose coloured ; dry 

 gravelly soil ; plentiful. 



(23) - (?) ; suffruticose ; abundant in dry places. 



(23 [bis]) Allied to Lithospermum ; perennial ; flowers dingy-white ; 

 a foot to 18 inches high ; plains in rich soils ; abundant ; a fine 

 plant. S. 



(24) Ornithogalum (?) ; flowers yellow ; bulbs used by the natives as 

 an emetic ; perennial ; near Point Vancouver, in open gravelly soils, 

 plentiful in rich plains ; a fine plant. S. 



(25) - (?), what Pursh has given as Lilium pudicum^; stigma 

 three-cleft, which removes it from that genus ; perennial. Bulbs of 

 this plant are eaten in a boiled state by the natives. Abundant on the 

 plains and near the outskirts of woods. Bulbs of this are sent home 

 in a jar among dry sand. S. 



1 Fritillaria pudica, Baker, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiv. p. 267. 



