DOUGLAS' JOURNAL 



highest perfection and make two of the most beautiful plants I ever 

 beheld ; April 29th. S. 



(118) Saxifraga sp., perennial ; dry rocky situations ; abundant. 



(119) Myosotissp., annual; flowers white ; in dry situations ; plentiful. 



(120) Pkalangium Quamash 1 ; flowers white; sometimes also a pure 

 white tinged with blue ; plains. 



(121) Vicia sp., perennial ; small, flowers purple and red ; stem 

 slender ; in dry shady woods, in open places ; abundant. 



(122) Astragalus sp., perennial; tall, 2 to 4 feet high; flowers 

 dirty yellow colour ; abundant in rich soil, on the side of woods and 

 rivers, or shady damp situations ; April 30th. 



(123) Asarum sp., perennial; calyx invariably three-cleft, bright 

 brown ; probably A. canadense ; close shady pine woods, in vegetable 

 soil ; April. 



(124) Viburnum sp. ; a fine strong shrub 14 to 20 feet high ; flowers 

 white ; forms part of the underwood in most of the forests ; very abundant 

 in the islands and on the banks of the Columbia, from the ocean to the 

 Grand Rapids. 



(125) Urtica sp., perennial ; tall, strong-growing species 6 to 10 feet 

 high ; very striking ; very plentiful in all situations. 



(126) Galium sp., perennial ; long, creeping ; edges of woods ; plentiful 

 among bushes and dead Wood. 



(127) Cruciferae, annual ; stem erect, smooth ; leaves alternate, 

 lanceolate, amplexicaul, glabrous ; flowers small, faint yellow ; a singular 

 plant ; alluvial plains 2 ; April. S. 



Rosa sp. ; agrees with the one found a few days since at Point 

 Vancouver ; April 30th. 



(128) Pyrus sp. ; a tree 10 to 35 feet high, sometimes 18 inches in 

 circumference ; few spines on it ; flowers white, very fragrant ; from the 

 wood of this tree the natives make their wedges for splitting the pine ; 

 fruit small, not yet ripe ; plentiful on the south side of the Columbia, 

 near the Multnomah river. 



(129) Crataegus sp. ; a very strong shrub, sometimes attains to the 

 size of a considerable tree ; on the plains, where no other tree comes in 

 contact with it, its branches extend over a large space, it grows to the 

 height of 30 to 40 feet with a proportionable thickness ; like most of 

 the species it is very fragrant, particularly in moist weather. 



Mespilus sp. ; does this agree with that collected a week ago ? 



(130) Carex sp., perennial ; one of the most luxuriant of the genus, 

 4 to 6 feet high ; in low marshy places ; the natives use it for making their 

 couches (sometimes mats are made of it), thatching their huts, &c. 



Sunday, May 1st. Early in the morning left the fort for the purpose 

 of visiting an extensive plain seven miles below on the same side of the 

 river. Passed several Indian steaming huts or vapour baths ; a small 

 hole is dug about 1 foot deep, in which hot stones are placed and water 

 thrown on them so as to produce steam ; the bather then goes in naked 



1 Camassia esculenta, Baker, in Journ. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 257. 



2 In another MS. : ' in all dry soils.' 



