136 DOUGLAS' JOURNAL 



(395) Solidago sp., perennial ; flowers yellow ; in all elevated 

 grounds ; plentiful. 



(396) Silene (?), perennial ; flowers small, pale purple ; stem and 

 calyx glutinous ; abundant on little rising grounds in swamps. S. 



(397) Gramineae, perennial ; in all dry places over plains or gravelly 

 or light soils. 



(398) Syngenesia, perennial ; flowers yellow ; probably Helianthus, 

 will form a third species with 36 and 37 ; plentiful in low, wet 

 grounds. I am not aware if this species is used in making bread like 

 the others. S. 



(399) Diadelphia, perennial ; in seed ; in dry bluffs in the middle of 

 swamps among trees. It occurs to me that I gathered this plant in May 

 in the same place in flower near the Rapids (No. 10) ; near the Rapids it 

 is very plentiful and grows to 35 to 40 feet high. S. 



(400) Rumex, perennial ; a strong plant ; plentiful in moist soils. 



(401) Scirpus, perennial ; 4 to 10 feet ; in marshy ground ; the natives 

 make mats of it by weaving them together with tissue from the roots 

 of the Cyperus, or with twisted strings made from the leaves of Typha 

 angustifolia ; the tender part of the stem next the root, which is white, 

 is eaten by them and considered a luxury. 



(402) Oenothera sp. ; biennial ; biennis (?) ; sandy banks of rivers and 

 edges of woods ; plentiful. 



(403) Aster sp. ; perennial ; flowers blue ; in all alluvial soils. 



(404) Gnaphalium sp. ; annual ; flowers yellow ; on sandy and all 

 light soils. 



Collected the following plants on Menzies Island, on sandy banks of 

 the Columbia river : 



(405) Artemisia sp. longifolia (?), Nuttall. 



(406) Artemisia sp. ; stems straight, partly suffruticose ; leaves 

 entire, sessile, linear-lanceolate ; smells strong like Tansy. 



(407) Artemisia sp. ; 1 to 3 feet high ; has no smell ; all these three 

 species have yellow flowers ; the two former from 4 to 6 feet high. 



(408) Syngenesia, annual; flowers small, white; 1 to 3 feet high; 

 shores of the river ; abundant. 



(409) Gnaphalium sp. ; perennial ; flowers yellow ; whole plant 

 tomentose, with a sweet but overpowering scent ; plentiful. 



(410) Chenopodium sp. ; annual ; plentiful in all rich soils ; fertile 

 banks of rivers ; grows very strong and abundant around Indian 

 villages and camps ; among the numerous vegetables used by them, it 

 is rather singular they should omit one which is almost universally used 

 in every country ; even the tender shoots of several species of Rubus, 

 and sprouts of a species of Equisetum and Scirpus are greedily sought 

 after, used and considered good, while a wholesome plant is left 

 untouched. 



(411) Syngenesia, annual ; may prove a second species of No. 145, 

 collected in May on Menzies Island; very plentiful on all dry, open, 

 elevated ground ; a beautiful plant. 



