Hymenoptera. 19 



2. Eyes large, convex, distinctly pigmented; fulturae very strong and broad arms; 

 proboscis short, hardly reaching the thorax. (Phthirius [P. ingvinalis, 

 Crab-louse] Pediculus [P. cdpitis, Head-louse; P. vestimenti, Body-louse]), 

 (PL 2, figs. 32, 33) .................................... PEDICULID^ 



Eyes very indistinct or wanting; fulturae very narrow and closely applied to the 

 pharynx; beak very long. (Haematopinus [H. iirius, Hog-louse].) 



ORDER HYMENOPTERA. 



(PHLEBOPTERA.) 



Moderate sized, small or minute, rarely very large; four mem- 

 branous wings, the fore pair larger and more completely veined; 

 venation rather complete but not complex, sometimes greatly re- 

 duced; mouth-parts mandibulate, but the maxillae usually adapted 

 for lapping liquid food; antennae variable; ocelli present; pro- 

 thorax not free; legs similar; tarsi usually five-jointed; abdomen 

 usually with six or seven visible segments; no cerci; ovipositor of 

 female usually sting-like, sometimes saw-like, occasionally greatly 

 elongate. Metamorphosis complete; larvae legless in the higher 

 forms. Habits variable, phytophagous, predatory, or parasitic. 

 Saw-flies, Wood-wasps, Ichneumon-flies, Ants, Wasps and Bees. 



1. Abdomen broadly sessile, attached over a large area (PL 4, fig. 83); larvae with 



legs present, usually well developed; trochanters two-jointed (PL 4, fig. 63); 

 hind wing with three basal cells. Suborder CHALASTOGASTRA 

 (=SYMPHYTA, SESSILIVENTRES, PHYTOPHAGA, TERE- 

 BRANTIA) ..................... ............................ * ..... 2 



Abdomen petiolate or subpetiolate, never broadly sessile (PL 4, figs. 76, 77); 

 larvae legless; trochanters one- or two-jointed; hind wing with less than 

 three basal cells. Suborder CLISTOGASTRA (= AP6CRITA) ....... 12 



2. Fore wings with three radial cells, i. e. two radial cross veins present; antennae 



many jointed, but with the three basal joints strongly developed, the third 

 very long. (Macroxyela, Xyela, Odontophyes) (PL 3, fig. 36) 



Fore wings with only one or two radial cells, only one or no radial crossvein 

 present .......................................................... 3 



3. Costal cell divided by a distinct longitudinal vein (the subcosta); antennae slen- 



der, becoming very thin apically, many- jointed; radial cell with one cross- 

 vein. (Pamphflius) (= Lyda), Neurotoma, Bactr6cerus (LYDIDJE) 



PAMPHILilIXE 

 Costal cell not divided ................................................. 4 



4. Anterior tibiae with a single apical spur ................................... 5 



Anterior tibiae with two apical spurs. Saw-flies. (TENTHREDINOIDEA.) . 8 



